run/hetzner: rollback sparsecat using outside linux

Makefile: compute tag: ignore dirty state

Signed-off-by: Adphi <philippe.adrien.nousse@gmail.com>

.dockerignore

@@ -3,3 +3,7 @@ tests
 disk*
 qemu.sh
 **/*.qcow2
+bin
+dist
+images
+examples/build

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+name: Tests and Build
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "*" ]
+    tags: [ "v*" ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ main ]
+jobs:
+  tests:
+    name: Tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # fetching all tags is required for the Makefile to compute the right version
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.18
+
+    - name: Set up QEMU dependency
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+
+    - name: Setup dependencies
+      run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y util-linux udev parted e2fsprogs mount tar extlinux qemu-utils
+
+    - name: Share cache with other actions
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/go/pkg/mod
+          /tmp/.buildx-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-tests-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-tests-
+
+    - name: Run tests
+      run: make tests
+
+  docs-up-to-date:
+    name: Docs up to date
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # fetching all tags is required for the Makefile to compute the right version
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.18
+
+    - name: Share cache with other actions
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/go/pkg/mod
+          /tmp/.buildx-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-tests-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-tests-
+
+    - name: Check if docs are up to date
+      run: make docs-up-to-date
+
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # fetching all tags is required for the Makefile to compute the right version
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.18
+
+    - name: Set up QEMU dependency
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+
+    - name: Login to Docker Hub
+      uses: docker/login-action@v1
+      if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+      with:
+        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Share cache with other actions
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/go/pkg/mod
+          /tmp/.buildx-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-build-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-build-
+
+    - name: Ensure all files were well formatted
+      run: make check-fmt
+
+    - name: Import GPG key
+      id: import_gpg
+      uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v4
+      with:
+        gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
+        passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSWORD }}
+
+    - name: Build Snapshot
+      run: make build-snapshot
+
+    - name: Release Snapshot
+      env:
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.REPOSITORIES_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+        GPG_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSWORD }}
+        GPG_FINGERPRINT: ${{ steps.import_gpg.outputs.fingerprint }}
+      run: make release-snapshot
+
+  build-image:
+    name: Build Docker Image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # fetching all tags is required for the Makefile to compute the right version
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.18
+
+    - name: Set up QEMU dependency
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+
+    - name: Login to Docker Hub
+      uses: docker/login-action@v1
+      if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+      with:
+        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Share cache with other actions
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/go/pkg/mod
+          /tmp/.buildx-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-build-image-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-build-image-
+
+    - name: Build Docker images
+      run: make docker-build
+
+    - name: Push Docker images
+      if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+      run: make docker-push
+
+  release:
+    name: Release Binaries
+    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    if: startsWith(github.event.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
+    needs:
+    - tests
+    - docs-up-to-date
+    - build
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # fetching all tags is required for the Makefile to compute the right version
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.18
+
+    - name: Share cache with other actions
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/go/pkg/mod
+          /tmp/.buildx-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-build-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-build-
+
+    - name: Import GPG key
+      id: import_gpg
+      uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v4
+      with:
+        gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
+        passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSWORD }}
+
+    - name: Build binaries
+      run: make build
+
+    - name: Release binaries
+      env:
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.REPOSITORIES_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+        GPG_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSWORD }}
+        GPG_FINGERPRINT: ${{ steps.import_gpg.outputs.fingerprint }}
+      run: make release
+
+  release-image:
+    name: Release Docker Image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    if: startsWith(github.event.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
+    needs:
+    - tests
+    - docs-up-to-date
+    - build-image
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        # fetching all tags is required for the Makefile to compute the right version
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.18
+
+    - name: Set up QEMU dependency
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+
+    - name: Login to Docker Hub
+      uses: docker/login-action@v1
+      with:
+        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Share cache with other actions
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/go/pkg/mod
+          /tmp/.buildx-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-build-image-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-build-image-
+
+    - name: Build Docker images
+      run: make docker-build
+
+    - name: Release Docker images
+      run: make docker-push

.github/workflows/docs.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: Docs
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+    - docs
+    - main
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+    - name: Build and deploy mkdocs site
+      run: |
+        git config --global user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+        git config --global user.email "41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+        make build-docs
+        sudo chown -R ${UID}:${UID} docs
+        make deploy-docs
+

.gitignore

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 .idea
 tests
+scratch
 *.qcow2
+*.vmdk
+*.vdi
 
+bin/
 dist/
+images
+/d2vm
+/examples/build
 .goreleaser.yaml
+docs/build
+docs-src

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+project_name: d2vm
+before:
+  hooks:
+  - go mod tidy
+builds:
+- main: ./cmd/d2vm
+  env:
+  - CGO_ENABLED=0
+  ldflags:
+  - -s -w -X "go.linka.cloud/d2vm.Image={{.Env.IMAGE}}" -X "go.linka.cloud/d2vm.Version={{.Env.VERSION}}" -X "go.linka.cloud/d2vm.BuildDate={{.CommitDate}}"
+  goos:
+  - linux
+  - windows
+  - darwin
+  goarch:
+  - amd64
+  - arm64
+checksum:
+  name_template: 'checksums.txt'
+signs:
+- artifacts: all
+  stdin: '{{ .Env.GPG_PASSWORD }}'
+snapshot:
+  name_template: "{{ .Env.VERSION }}"
+release:
+  prerelease: auto
+changelog:
+  sort: asc
+  filters:
+    exclude:
+    - '^docs:'
+    - '^test:'
+    - '^tests:'
+    - '^actions:'
+    - '^Makefile:'
+    - '^chore:'
+    - '^goreleaser:'

Dockerfile

@@ -1,3 +1,17 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
 FROM golang as builder
 
 WORKDIR /d2vm
@@ -9,20 +23,20 @@ RUN go mod download
 
 COPY . .
 
-RUN go build -o d2vm ./cmd/d2vm
+RUN make .build
 
-FROM ubuntu
+FROM ubuntu:20.04
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends \
+        ca-certificates \
         util-linux \
-        kpartx \
+        udev \
+        parted \
         e2fsprogs \
-        xfsprogs \
         mount \
         tar \
         extlinux \
-        uuid-runtime \
         qemu-utils
 
 COPY --from=docker:dind /usr/local/bin/docker /usr/local/bin/

Makefile

@@ -16,20 +16,42 @@ MODULE = go.linka.cloud/d2vm
 
 REPOSITORY = linkacloud
 
+TAG = $(shell git diff --quiet && git describe --tags --exact-match 2> /dev/null)
 VERSION_SUFFIX = $(shell git diff --quiet || echo "-dev")
 VERSION = $(shell git describe --tags --exact-match 2> /dev/null || echo "`git describe --tags $$(git rev-list --tags --max-count=1) 2> /dev/null || echo v0.0.0`-`git rev-parse --short HEAD`")$(VERSION_SUFFIX)
 show-version:
 	@echo $(VERSION)
 
+GORELEASER_VERSION := v1.10.1
+GORELEASER_URL := https://github.com/goreleaser/goreleaser/releases/download/$(GORELEASER_VERSION)/goreleaser_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz
+
+BIN := $(PWD)/bin
+export PATH := $(BIN):$(PATH)
+
+CLI_REFERENCE_PATH := docs/content/reference
+
+bin:
+	@mkdir -p $(BIN)
+	@curl -sL $(GORELEASER_URL) | tar -C $(BIN) -xz goreleaser
+
+clean-bin:
+	@rm -rf $(BIN)
+
 DOCKER_IMAGE := linkacloud/d2vm
 
 docker: docker-build docker-push
 
 docker-push:
-	@docker image push -a $(DOCKER_IMAGE)
+	@docker image push $(DOCKER_IMAGE):$(VERSION)
+ifneq ($(TAG),)
+	@docker image push $(DOCKER_IMAGE):latest
+endif
 
 docker-build:
-	@docker image build -t $(DOCKER_IMAGE):$(VERSION) -t $(DOCKER_IMAGE):latest .
+	@docker image build -t $(DOCKER_IMAGE):$(VERSION) .
+ifneq ($(TAG),)
+	@docker image tag $(DOCKER_IMAGE):$(TAG) $(DOCKER_IMAGE):latest
+endif
 
 docker-run:
 	@docker run --rm -i -t \
@@ -38,3 +60,77 @@ docker-run:
 		-v $(PWD):/build \
 		-w /build \
 		$(DOCKER_IMAGE) bash
+
+.PHONY: tests
+tests:
+	@go generate ./...
+	@go list ./...| xargs go test -exec sudo -count=1 -timeout 20m -v
+
+docs-up-to-date:
+	@$(MAKE) cli-docs
+	@git diff --quiet -- docs ':(exclude)docs/content/reference/d2vm_run_qemu.md' || (git --no-pager diff -- docs ':(exclude)docs/content/reference/d2vm_run_qemu.md'; echo "Please regenerate the documentation with 'make docs'"; exit 1)
+
+check-fmt:
+	@[ "$(gofmt -l $(find . -name '*.go') 2>&1)" = "" ]
+
+vet:
+	@go list ./...|grep -v scratch|GOOS=linux xargs go vet
+
+build-dev: docker-build .build
+
+.build:
+	@go generate ./...
+	@go build -o d2vm -ldflags "-s -w -X '$(MODULE).Version=$(VERSION)' -X '$(MODULE).BuildDate=$(shell date)'" ./cmd/d2vm
+
+.PHONY: build-snapshot
+build-snapshot: bin
+	@VERSION=$(VERSION) IMAGE=$(DOCKER_IMAGE) goreleaser build --snapshot --rm-dist --parallelism 8
+
+.PHONY: release-snapshot
+release-snapshot: bin
+	@VERSION=$(VERSION) IMAGE=$(DOCKER_IMAGE) goreleaser release --snapshot --rm-dist --skip-announce --skip-publish --parallelism 8
+
+.PHONY: build
+build: bin
+	@VERSION=$(VERSION) IMAGE=$(DOCKER_IMAGE) goreleaser build --rm-dist --parallelism 8
+
+.PHONY: release
+release: bin
+	@VERSION=$(VERSION) IMAGE=$(DOCKER_IMAGE) goreleaser release --rm-dist --parallelism 8
+
+.PHONY: examples
+examples: build-dev
+	@mkdir -p examples/build
+	@for f in $$(find examples -type f -name '*Dockerfile' -maxdepth 1); do \
+  		echo "Building $$f"; \
+  		./d2vm build -o examples/build/$$(basename $$f|cut -d'.' -f1).qcow2 -f $$f examples; \
+	  done
+	@echo "Building examples/full/Dockerfile"
+	@./d2vm build -o examples/build/full.qcow2 --build-arg=USER=adphi --build-arg=PASSWORD=adphi examples/full
+
+cli-docs: .build
+	@rm -rf $(CLI_REFERENCE_PATH)
+	@./d2vm docs $(CLI_REFERENCE_PATH)
+
+serve-docs:
+	@docker run --rm -i -t --user=$(UID) -p 8000:8000 -v $(PWD):/docs linkacloud/mkdocs-material serve -f /docs/docs/mkdocs.yml -a 0.0.0.0:8000
+
+.PHONY: build-docs
+build-docs: clean-docs cli-docs
+	@docker run --rm -v $(PWD):/docs linkacloud/mkdocs-material build -f /docs/docs/mkdocs.yml -d build
+
+GIT_BRANCH := $(shell git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
+
+GITHUB_PAGES_BRANCH := gh-pages
+
+deploy-docs:
+	@git branch -D gh-pages &> /dev/null || true
+	@git checkout -b $(GITHUB_PAGES_BRANCH)
+	@rm .gitignore && mv docs docs-src && mv docs-src/build docs && rm -rf docs-src
+	@git add . && git commit -m "build docs" && git push origin --force $(GITHUB_PAGES_BRANCH)
+	@git checkout $(GIT_BRANCH)
+
+docs: cli-docs build-docs deploy-docs
+
+clean-docs:
+	@rm -rf docs/build

README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
+
 # d2vm (Docker to Virtual Machine)
 
+[![Language: Go](https://img.shields.io/badge/lang-Go-6ad7e5.svg?style=flat-square&logo=go)](https://golang.org/)
+[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/go.linka.cloud/d2vm.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/go.linka.cloud/d2vm)
+[![Chat](https://img.shields.io/badge/chat-matrix-blue.svg?style=flat-square&logo=matrix)](https://matrix.to/#/#d2vm:linka.cloud)
+
 *Build virtual machine image from Docker images*
 
 The project is heavily inspired by the [article](https://iximiuz.com/en/posts/from-docker-container-to-bootable-linux-disk-image/) and the work done by [iximiuz](https://github.com/iximiuz) on [docker-to-linux](https://github.com/iximiuz/docker-to-linux).
@@ -8,66 +13,56 @@ Many thanks to him.
 
 **Status**: *alpha*
 
+[![asciicast](https://asciinema.org/a/520132.svg)](https://asciinema.org/a/520132)
+
 ## Supported Environments:
 
-**Only Linux is supported.**
+**Only building Linux Virtual Machine images is supported.**
 
-If you want to run it on **OSX** or **Windows** (the last one is totally untested) you can do it using Docker:
-
-```bash
-alias d2vm="docker run --rm -i -t --privileged -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v \$PWD:/build -w /build linkacloud/d2vm" 
-```
+**Starting from v0.1.0, d2vm automatically run build and convert commands inside Docker when not running on linux**.
 
 ## Supported VM Linux distributions:
 
 Working and tested:
 
-- [x] Ubuntu
-- [x] Debian
+- [x] Ubuntu (18.04+)
+- [x] Debian (stretch+)
 - [x] Alpine
+- [x] CentOS (8+)
 
-Need fix:
+Unsupported:
 
-- [ ] CentOS / RHEL
+- [ ] RHEL
 
-The program use the `/etc/os-release` file to discovery the Linux Distribution and install the Kernel,
+The program uses the `/etc/os-release` file to discover the Linux distribution and install the Kernel,
 if the file is missing, the build cannot succeed.
 
 Obviously, **Distroless** images are not supported. 
 
 ## Getting started
 
+### Install from release
+
+Download the latest release for your platform from the [release page](https://github.com/linka-cloud/d2vm/releases/latest)
+
+### Install from source
+
 Clone the git repository:
 
 ```bash
 git clone https://github.com/linka-cloud/d2vm && cd d2vm
 ```
 
-Install using the Go tool chain:
+Install using the *make*, *docker* and the Go tool chain:
 
 ```bash
-go install ./cmd/d2vm
-which d2vm
-```
-```
-# Should be install in the $GOBIN directory
-/go/bin/d2vm
-```
-
-Or use an alias to the **docker** image:
-
-```bash
-alias d2vm="docker run --rm -i -t --privileged -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v \$PWD:/build -w /build linkacloud/d2vm"
-which d2vm
-```
-```
-d2vm: aliased to docker run --rm -i -t --privileged -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v $PWD:/build -w /build linkacloud/d2vm
+make build-dev && sudo cp d2vm /usr/local/bin/
 ```
 
 ### Converting an existing Docker Image to VM image:
 
 ```bash
-b2vm convert --help
+d2vm convert --help
 ```
 ```
 Convert Docker image to vm image
@@ -76,14 +71,20 @@ Usage:
   d2vm convert [docker image] [flags]
 
 Flags:
-  -d, --debug                  Enable Debug output
-  -f, --force                  Override output qcow2 image
-  -h, --help                   help for convert
-  -o, --output string          The output image (default "disk0.qcow2")
-  -O, --output-format string   The output image format, supported formats: qcow2 qed raw vdi vhd vmdk (default "qcow2")
-  -p, --password string        The Root user password (default "root")
-      --pull                   Always pull docker image
-  -s, --size string            The output image size (default "10G")
+      --append-to-cmdline string   Extra kernel cmdline arguments to append to the generated one
+  -f, --force                      Override output qcow2 image
+  -h, --help                       help for convert
+      --network-manager string     Network manager to use for the image: none, netplan, ifupdown
+  -o, --output string              The output image, the extension determine the image format, raw will be used if none. Supported formats: qcow2 qed raw vdi vhd vmdk (default "disk0.qcow2")
+  -p, --password string            The Root user password (default "root")
+      --pull                       Always pull docker image
+      --raw                        Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more
+  -s, --size string                The output image size (default "10G")
+
+Global Flags:
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+
 
 ```
 
@@ -93,27 +94,27 @@ Create an image based on the **ubuntu** official image:
 sudo d2vm convert ubuntu -o ubuntu.qcow2 -p MyP4Ssw0rd
 ```
 ```
-INFO[0000] pulling image ubuntu                         
-INFO[0001] inspecting image ubuntu                      
-INFO[0002] docker image based on Ubuntu                 
-INFO[0002] building kernel enabled image                
-INFO[0038] creating root file system archive            
-INFO[0040] creating vm image                            
-INFO[0040] creating raw image                           
-INFO[0040] mounting raw image                           
-INFO[0040] creating raw image file system               
-INFO[0040] copying rootfs to raw image                  
-INFO[0041] setting up rootfs                            
-INFO[0041] installing linux kernel                      
-INFO[0042] unmounting raw image                         
-INFO[0042] writing MBR                                  
-INFO[0042] converting to qcow2
+Pulling image ubuntu
+Inspecting image ubuntu
+No network manager specified, using distribution defaults: netplan
+Docker image based on Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
+Building kernel enabled image
+Creating vm image
+Creating raw image
+Mounting raw image
+Creating raw image file system
+Copying rootfs to raw image
+Setting up rootfs
+Installing linux kernel
+Unmounting raw image
+Writing MBR
+Converting to qcow2
 ```
 
 You can now run your ubuntu image using the created `ubuntu.qcow2` image with **qemu**:
 
 ```bash
-./qemu.sh ununtu.qcow2
+d2vm run qemu ubuntu.qcow2
 ```
 ```
 SeaBIOS (version 1.13.0-1ubuntu1.1)
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ applicable law.
 root@localhost:~#
 ```
 
-Type `poweroff` to shutdown the vm.
+Type `poweroff` to shut down the vm.
 
 ### Building a VM Image from a Dockerfile
 
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ cd examples
 FROM ubuntu
 
 RUN apt update && apt install -y openssh-server && \
-    echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config \
+    echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
 
 ```
 
@@ -222,15 +223,20 @@ Usage:
   d2vm build [context directory] [flags]
 
 Flags:
-      --build-arg stringArray   Set build-time variables
-  -d, --debug                   Enable Debug output
-  -f, --file string             Name of the Dockerfile (Default is 'PATH/Dockerfile') (default "Dockerfile")
-      --force                   Override output image
-  -h, --help                    help for build
-  -o, --output string           The output image (default "disk0.qcow2")
-  -O, --output-format string    The output image format, supported formats: qcow2 qed raw vdi vhd vmdk (default "qcow2")
-  -p, --password string         Root user password (default "root")
-  -s, --size string             The output image size (default "10G")
+      --append-to-cmdline string   Extra kernel cmdline arguments to append to the generated one
+      --build-arg stringArray      Set build-time variables
+  -f, --file string                Name of the Dockerfile
+      --force                      Override output image
+  -h, --help                       help for build
+      --network-manager string     Network manager to use for the image: none, netplan, ifupdown
+  -o, --output string              The output image, the extension determine the image format, raw will be used if none. Supported formats: qcow2 qed raw vdi vhd vmdk (default "disk0.qcow2")
+  -p, --password string            Root user password (default "root")
+      --raw                        Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more
+  -s, --size string                The output image size (default "10G")
+
+Global Flags:
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
 
 ```
 
@@ -241,7 +247,7 @@ sudo d2vm build -p MyP4Ssw0rd -f ubuntu.Dockerfile -o ubuntu.qcow2 .
 Or if you want to create a VirtualBox image:
 
 ```bash
-sudo d2vm build -p MyP4Ssw0rd -f ubuntu.Dockerfile -O vdi -o ubuntu.vdi .
+sudo d2vm build -p MyP4Ssw0rd -f ubuntu.Dockerfile -o ubuntu.vdi .
 ```
 
 ### Complete example
@@ -257,4 +263,8 @@ You can find the Dockerfiles used to install the Kernel in the [templates](templ
 
 - [ ] Create service from `ENTRYPOINT` `CMD` `WORKDIR` and `ENV` instructions ?
 - [ ] Inject Image `ENV` variables into `.bashrc` or other service environment file ?
-- [ ] Use image layers to create *rootfs* instead of container ?
+- [x] Use image layers to create *rootfs* instead of container ?
+
+### Acknowledgments
+
+The *run* commands are adapted from [linuxkit](https://github.com/docker/linuxkit).

builder.go

@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@
 package d2vm
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"math"
 	"os"
 	exec2 "os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -46,39 +44,72 @@ ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
   SAY Now booting the kernel from SYSLINUX...
  LABEL linux
   KERNEL /boot/vmlinuz
-  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s initrd=/boot/initrd.img net.ifnames=0 console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8
+  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s initrd=/boot/initrd.img net.ifnames=0 console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 %s
 `
 	syslinuxCfgDebian = `DEFAULT linux
   SAY Now booting the kernel from SYSLINUX...
  LABEL linux
   KERNEL /vmlinuz
-  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s initrd=/initrd.img net.ifnames=0 console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8
+  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s initrd=/initrd.img net.ifnames=0 console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 %s
 `
 	syslinuxCfgAlpine = `DEFAULT linux
   SAY Now booting the kernel from SYSLINUX...
  LABEL linux
   KERNEL /boot/vmlinuz-virt
-  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s rootfstype=ext4 initrd=/boot/initramfs-virt console=ttyS0,115200 
+  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s rootfstype=ext4 initrd=/boot/initramfs-virt console=ttyS0,115200 %s
 `
 	syslinuxCfgCentOS = `DEFAULT linux
   SAY Now booting the kernel from SYSLINUX...
  LABEL linux
   KERNEL /boot/vmlinuz
-  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s initrd=/boot/initrd.img net.ifnames=0 console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 
+  APPEND ro root=UUID=%s initrd=/boot/initrd.img net.ifnames=0 console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 %s
 `
-	mbrBin = "/usr/lib/EXTLINUX/mbr.bin"
 )
 
 var (
-	fdiskCmds = []string{"n", "p", "1", "", "", "a", "w"}
-
 	formats = []string{"qcow2", "qed", "raw", "vdi", "vhd", "vmdk"}
+
+	mbrPaths = []string{
+		// debian path
+		"/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr/mbr.bin",
+		// ubuntu path
+		"/usr/lib/EXTLINUX/mbr.bin",
+		// alpine path
+		"/usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin",
+		// centos path
+		"/usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin",
+		// archlinux path
+		"/usr/lib/syslinux/bios/mbr.bin",
+	}
 )
 
+const (
+	perm os.FileMode = 0644
+)
+
+func sysconfig(osRelease OSRelease) (string, error) {
+	switch osRelease.ID {
+	case ReleaseUbuntu:
+		if osRelease.VersionID < "20.04" {
+			return syslinuxCfgDebian, nil
+		}
+		return syslinuxCfgUbuntu, nil
+	case ReleaseDebian:
+		return syslinuxCfgDebian, nil
+	case ReleaseAlpine:
+		return syslinuxCfgAlpine, nil
+	case ReleaseCentOS:
+		return syslinuxCfgCentOS, nil
+	default:
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s: distribution not supported", osRelease.ID)
+	}
+}
+
 type builder struct {
 	osRelease OSRelease
 
 	src     string
+	img     *image
 	diskRaw string
 	diskOut string
 	format  string
@@ -86,12 +117,15 @@ type builder struct {
 	size     int64
 	mntPoint string
 
-	loDevice string
-	loPart   string
-	diskUUD  string
+	mbrPath string
+
+	loDevice     string
+	loPart       string
+	diskUUD      string
+	cmdLineExtra string
 }
 
-func NewBuilder(workdir, src, disk string, size int64, osRelease OSRelease, format string) (*builder, error) {
+func NewBuilder(ctx context.Context, workdir, imgTag, disk string, size int64, osRelease OSRelease, format string, cmdLineExtra string) (*builder, error) {
 	if err := checkDependencies(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -105,29 +139,46 @@ func NewBuilder(workdir, src, disk string, size int64, osRelease OSRelease, form
 	if !valid {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid format: %s valid formats are: %s", f, strings.Join(formats, " "))
 	}
+
+	mbrBin := ""
+	for _, v := range mbrPaths {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(v); err == nil {
+			mbrBin = v
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if mbrBin == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to find syslinux's mbr.bin path")
+	}
 	if size == 0 {
 		size = 10 * int64(datasize.GB)
 	}
 	if disk == "" {
 		disk = "disk0"
 	}
-	i, err := os.Stat(src)
+	img, err := NewImage(ctx, imgTag, workdir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if i.Size() > size {
-		s := datasize.ByteSize(math.Ceil(datasize.ByteSize(i.Size()).GBytes())) * datasize.GB
-		logrus.Warnf("%s is smaller than rootfs size, using %s", datasize.ByteSize(size), s)
-		size = int64(s)
-	}
+	// i, err := os.Stat(imgTar)
+	// if err != nil {
+	// 	return nil, err
+	// }
+	// if i.Size() > size {
+	// 	s := datasize.ByteSize(math.Ceil(datasize.ByteSize(i.Size()).GBytes())) * datasize.GB
+	// 	logrus.Warnf("%s is smaller than rootfs size, using %s", datasize.ByteSize(size), s)
+	// 	size = int64(s)
+	// }
 	b := &builder{
-		osRelease: osRelease,
-		src:       src,
-		diskRaw:   filepath.Join(workdir, disk+".raw"),
-		diskOut:   filepath.Join(workdir, disk+".qcow2"),
-		format:    f,
-		size:      size,
-		mntPoint:  filepath.Join(workdir, "/mnt"),
+		osRelease:    osRelease,
+		img:          img,
+		diskRaw:      filepath.Join(workdir, disk+".d2vm.raw"),
+		diskOut:      filepath.Join(workdir, disk+"."+format),
+		format:       f,
+		size:         size,
+		mbrPath:      mbrBin,
+		mntPoint:     filepath.Join(workdir, "/mnt"),
+		cmdLineExtra: cmdLineExtra,
 	}
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(b.mntPoint, os.ModePerm); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -193,18 +244,9 @@ func (b *builder) makeImg(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := block(b.diskRaw, b.size); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	c := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "fdisk", b.diskRaw)
-	var i bytes.Buffer
-	for _, v := range fdiskCmds {
-		if _, err := i.Write([]byte(v + "\n")); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	var e bytes.Buffer
-	c.Stdin = &i
-	c.Stderr = &e
-	if err := c.Run(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", err, e.String())
+
+	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "parted", "-s", b.diskRaw, "mklabel", "msdos", "mkpart", "primary", "1Mib", "100%", "set", "1", "boot", "on"); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -216,10 +258,10 @@ func (b *builder) mountImg(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	b.loDevice = strings.TrimSuffix(o, "\n")
-	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "kpartx", "-a", b.loDevice); err != nil {
+	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "partprobe", b.loDevice); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	b.loPart = fmt.Sprintf("/dev/mapper/%sp1", filepath.Base(b.loDevice))
+	b.loPart = fmt.Sprintf("%sp1", b.loDevice)
 	logrus.Infof("creating raw image file system")
 	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "mkfs.ext4", b.loPart); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -236,9 +278,6 @@ func (b *builder) unmountImg(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "umount", b.mntPoint); err != nil {
 		merr = multierr.Append(merr, err)
 	}
-	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "kpartx", "-d", b.loDevice); err != nil {
-		merr = multierr.Append(merr, err)
-	}
 	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "losetup", "-d", b.loDevice); err != nil {
 		merr = multierr.Append(merr, err)
 	}
@@ -247,7 +286,7 @@ func (b *builder) unmountImg(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 func (b *builder) copyRootFS(ctx context.Context) error {
 	logrus.Infof("copying rootfs to raw image")
-	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "tar", "-xvf", b.src, "-C", b.mntPoint); err != nil {
+	if err := b.img.Flatten(ctx, b.mntPoint); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -261,19 +300,20 @@ func (b *builder) setupRootFS(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 	b.diskUUD = strings.TrimSuffix(o, "\n")
 	fstab := fmt.Sprintf("UUID=%s / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1\n", b.diskUUD)
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/fstab", fstab, 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/fstab", fstab, perm); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/resolv.conf", "nameserver 8.8.8.8", 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFileIfNotExist("/etc/resolv.conf", "nameserver 8.8.8.8", 0644); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/hostname", "localhost", 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFileIfNotExist("/etc/hostname", "localhost", perm); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/hosts", hosts, 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFileIfNotExist("/etc/hosts", hosts, perm); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := os.RemoveAll("/ur/sbin/policy-rc.d"); err != nil {
+	// TODO(adphi): is it the righ fix ?
+	if err := os.RemoveAll("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if err := os.RemoveAll(b.chPath("/.dockerenv")); err != nil {
@@ -287,10 +327,10 @@ func (b *builder) setupRootFS(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	by = append(by, []byte("\n"+"ttyS0::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 115200 vt100\n")...)
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/inittab", string(by), 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/inittab", string(by), perm); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/etc/network/interfaces", "", 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFileIfNotExist("/etc/network/interfaces", "", perm); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -301,20 +341,11 @@ func (b *builder) installKernel(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "extlinux", "--install", b.chPath("/boot")); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	var sysconfig string
-	switch b.osRelease.ID {
-	case ReleaseUbuntu:
-		sysconfig = syslinuxCfgUbuntu
-	case ReleaseDebian:
-		sysconfig = syslinuxCfgDebian
-	case ReleaseAlpine:
-		sysconfig = syslinuxCfgAlpine
-	case ReleaseCentOS, ReleaseRHEL:
-		sysconfig = syslinuxCfgCentOS
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("%s: distribution not supported", b.osRelease.ID)
+	sysconfig, err := sysconfig(b.osRelease)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	if err := b.chWriteFile("/boot/syslinux.cfg", fmt.Sprintf(sysconfig, b.diskUUD), 0644); err != nil {
+	if err := b.chWriteFile("/boot/syslinux.cfg", fmt.Sprintf(sysconfig, b.diskUUD, b.cmdLineExtra), perm); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -322,7 +353,7 @@ func (b *builder) installKernel(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 func (b *builder) setupMBR(ctx context.Context) error {
 	logrus.Infof("writing MBR")
-	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "dd", fmt.Sprintf("if=%s", mbrBin), fmt.Sprintf("of=%s", b.diskRaw), "bs=440", "count=1", "conv=notrunc"); err != nil {
+	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "dd", fmt.Sprintf("if=%s", b.mbrPath), fmt.Sprintf("of=%s", b.diskRaw), "bs=440", "count=1", "conv=notrunc"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -337,10 +368,21 @@ func (b *builder) chWriteFile(path string, content string, perm os.FileMode) err
 	return os.WriteFile(b.chPath(path), []byte(content), perm)
 }
 
+func (b *builder) chWriteFileIfNotExist(path string, content string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+	if i, err := os.Stat(b.chPath(path)); err == nil && i.Size() != 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return os.WriteFile(b.chPath(path), []byte(content), perm)
+}
+
 func (b *builder) chPath(path string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", b.mntPoint, path)
 }
 
+func (b *builder) Close() error {
+	return b.img.Close()
+}
+
 func block(path string, size int64) error {
 	f, err := os.Create(path)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -352,14 +394,11 @@ func block(path string, size int64) error {
 
 func checkDependencies() error {
 	var merr error
-	for _, v := range []string{"mount", "blkid", "tar", "kpartx", "losetup", "qemu-img", "extlinux", "dd", "mkfs", "fdisk"} {
+	for _, v := range []string{"mount", "blkid", "tar", "losetup", "parted", "partprobe", "qemu-img", "extlinux", "dd", "mkfs"} {
 		if _, err := exec2.LookPath(v); err != nil {
 			merr = multierr.Append(merr, err)
 		}
 	}
-	if _, err := os.Stat(mbrBin); err != nil {
-		merr = multierr.Append(merr, err)
-	}
 	return merr
 }
 

builder_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package d2vm
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/docker"
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
+)
+
+func testSysconfig(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, img, sysconf, kernel, initrd string) {
+	require.NoError(t, docker.Pull(ctx, img))
+	tmpPath := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "d2vm-tests", strings.NewReplacer(":", "-", ".", "-").Replace(img))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(tmpPath, 0755))
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpPath)
+	logrus.Infof("inspecting image %s", img)
+	r, err := FetchDockerImageOSRelease(ctx, img, tmpPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer docker.Remove(ctx, img)
+	sys, err := sysconfig(r)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, sysconf, sys)
+	d, err := NewDockerfile(r, img, "root", "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	logrus.Infof("docker image based on %s", d.Release.Name)
+	p := filepath.Join(tmpPath, docker.FormatImgName(img))
+	dir := filepath.Dir(p)
+	f, err := os.Create(p)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer f.Close()
+	require.NoError(t, d.Render(f))
+	imgUUID := uuid.New().String()
+	logrus.Infof("building kernel enabled image")
+	require.NoError(t, docker.Build(ctx, imgUUID, p, dir))
+	defer docker.Remove(ctx, imgUUID)
+	require.NoError(t, docker.RunAndRemove(ctx, imgUUID, "test", "-f", kernel))
+	require.NoError(t, docker.RunAndRemove(ctx, imgUUID, "test", "-f", initrd))
+}
+
+func TestSyslinuxCfg(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	tests := []struct {
+		image     string
+		kernel    string
+		initrd    string
+		sysconfig string
+	}{
+		{
+			image:     "ubuntu:18.04",
+			kernel:    "/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgDebian,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "ubuntu:20.04",
+			kernel:    "/boot/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/boot/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgUbuntu,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "ubuntu:22.04",
+			kernel:    "/boot/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/boot/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgUbuntu,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "ubuntu:latest",
+			kernel:    "/boot/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/boot/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgUbuntu,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "debian:9",
+			kernel:    "/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgDebian,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "debian:10",
+			kernel:    "/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgDebian,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "debian:11",
+			kernel:    "/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgDebian,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "debian:latest",
+			kernel:    "/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgDebian,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "alpine",
+			kernel:    "/boot/vmlinuz-virt",
+			initrd:    "/boot/initramfs-virt",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgAlpine,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "centos:8",
+			kernel:    "/boot/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/boot/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgCentOS,
+		},
+		{
+			image:     "centos:latest",
+			kernel:    "/boot/vmlinuz",
+			initrd:    "/boot/initrd.img",
+			sysconfig: syslinuxCfgCentOS,
+		},
+	}
+	exec.SetDebug(true)
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		test := test
+		t.Run(test.image, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+			defer cancel()
+			testSysconfig(t, ctx, test.image, test.sysconfig, test.kernel, test.initrd)
+		})
+	}
+}

cmd/d2vm/build.go

@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
@@ -23,34 +27,85 @@ import (
 
 	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm"
 	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/docker"
-	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
 )
 
 var (
-	file      = "Dockerfile"
-	tag       = uuid.New().String()
-	buildArgs []string
-	buildCmd  = &cobra.Command{
+	file           = "Dockerfile"
+	tag            = "d2vm-" + uuid.New().String()
+	networkManager string
+	buildArgs      []string
+	buildCmd       = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "build [context directory]",
 		Short: "Build a vm image from Dockerfile",
 		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			// TODO(adphi): resolve context path
+			if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
+				ctxAbsPath, err := filepath.Abs(args[0])
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				if file == "" {
+					file = filepath.Join(args[0], "Dockerfile")
+				}
+				dockerFileAbsPath, err := filepath.Abs(file)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				if !strings.HasPrefix(dockerFileAbsPath, ctxAbsPath) {
+					return fmt.Errorf("Dockerfile must be in the context directory path")
+				}
+				outputPath, err := filepath.Abs(output)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				var (
+					in  = ctxAbsPath
+					out = filepath.Dir(outputPath)
+				)
+				dargs := os.Args[2:]
+				for i, v := range dargs {
+					switch v {
+					case file:
+						rel, err := filepath.Rel(in, dockerFileAbsPath)
+						if err != nil {
+							return fmt.Errorf("failed to construct Dockerfile container paths: %w", err)
+						}
+						dargs[i] = filepath.Join("/in", rel)
+					case output:
+						dargs[i] = filepath.Join("/out", filepath.Base(output))
+					case args[0]:
+						dargs[i] = "/in"
+					}
+				}
+				return docker.RunD2VM(cmd.Context(), d2vm.Image, d2vm.Version, in, out, cmd.Name(), os.Args[2:]...)
+			}
 			size, err := parseSize(size)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			if debug {
-				exec.Run = exec.RunStdout
+			if file == "" {
+				file = filepath.Join(args[0], "Dockerfile")
+			}
+			if _, err := os.Stat(output); err == nil || !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				if !force {
+					return fmt.Errorf("%s already exists", output)
+				}
 			}
 			logrus.Infof("building docker image from %s", file)
-			dargs := []string{"build", "-t", tag, "-f", file, args[0]}
-			for _, v := range buildArgs {
-				dargs = append(dargs, "--build-arg", v)
-			}
-			if err := docker.Cmd(cmd.Context(), dargs...); err != nil {
+			if err := docker.Build(cmd.Context(), tag, file, args[0], buildArgs...); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			return d2vm.Convert(cmd.Context(), tag, size, password, output, format)
+			return d2vm.Convert(
+				cmd.Context(),
+				tag,
+				d2vm.WithSize(size),
+				d2vm.WithPassword(password),
+				d2vm.WithOutput(output),
+				d2vm.WithCmdLineExtra(cmdLineExtra),
+				d2vm.WithNetworkManager(d2vm.NetworkManager(networkManager)),
+				d2vm.WithRaw(raw),
+			)
 		},
 	}
 )
@@ -58,13 +113,14 @@ var (
 func init() {
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(buildCmd)
 
-	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&file, "file", "f", "Dockerfile", "Name of the Dockerfile (Default is 'PATH/Dockerfile')")
+	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&file, "file", "f", "", "Name of the Dockerfile")
 	buildCmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&buildArgs, "build-arg", nil, "Set build-time variables")
 
-	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&format, "output-format", "O", format, "The output image format, supported formats: "+strings.Join(d2vm.OutputFormats(), " "))
-	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&output, "output", "o", output, "The output image")
+	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&output, "output", "o", output, "The output image, the extension determine the image format, raw will be used if none. Supported formats: "+strings.Join(d2vm.OutputFormats(), " "))
 	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&password, "password", "p", "root", "Root user password")
 	buildCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&size, "size", "s", "10G", "The output image size")
-	buildCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&debug, "debug", "d", false, "Enable Debug output")
 	buildCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&force, "force", false, "Override output image")
+	buildCmd.Flags().StringVar(&cmdLineExtra, "append-to-cmdline", "", "Extra kernel cmdline arguments to append to the generated one")
+	buildCmd.Flags().StringVar(&networkManager, "network-manager", "", "Network manager to use for the image: none, netplan, ifupdown")
+	buildCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&raw, "raw", false, "Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more")
 }

cmd/d2vm/convert.go

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ package main
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/c2h5oh/datasize"
@@ -25,11 +27,12 @@ import (
 
 	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm"
 	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/docker"
-	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
 )
 
 var (
-	pull = false
+	raw          bool
+	pull         = false
+	cmdLineExtra = ""
 
 	convertCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "convert [docker image]",
@@ -37,6 +40,21 @@ var (
 		Args:         cobra.ExactArgs(1),
 		SilenceUsage: true,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
+				abs, err := filepath.Abs(output)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				out := filepath.Dir(abs)
+				dargs := os.Args[2:]
+				for i, v := range dargs {
+					if v == output {
+						dargs[i] = filepath.Join("/out", filepath.Base(output))
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				return docker.RunD2VM(cmd.Context(), d2vm.Image, d2vm.Version, out, out, cmd.Name(), dargs...)
+			}
 			img := args[0]
 			tag := "latest"
 			if parts := strings.Split(img, ":"); len(parts) > 1 {
@@ -51,32 +69,33 @@ var (
 					return fmt.Errorf("%s already exists", output)
 				}
 			}
-			if debug {
-				exec.Run = exec.RunStdout
-			}
-			if _, err := os.Stat(output); err == nil || !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				if !force {
-					return fmt.Errorf("%s already exists", output)
-				}
-			}
 			found := false
 			if !pull {
-				o, _, err := docker.CmdOut(cmd.Context(), "image", "ls", "--format={{ .Repository }}:{{ .Tag }}", img)
+				imgs, err := docker.ImageList(cmd.Context(), img)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				found = strings.TrimSuffix(o, "\n") == fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", img, tag)
+				found = len(imgs) == 1 && imgs[0] == fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", img, tag)
 				if found {
 					logrus.Infof("using local image %s:%s", img, tag)
 				}
 			}
 			if pull || !found {
 				logrus.Infof("pulling image %s", img)
-				if err := docker.Cmd(cmd.Context(), "image", "pull", img); err != nil {
+				if err := docker.Pull(cmd.Context(), img); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
-			return d2vm.Convert(cmd.Context(), img, size, password, output, format)
+			return d2vm.Convert(
+				cmd.Context(),
+				img,
+				d2vm.WithSize(size),
+				d2vm.WithPassword(password),
+				d2vm.WithOutput(output),
+				d2vm.WithCmdLineExtra(cmdLineExtra),
+				d2vm.WithNetworkManager(d2vm.NetworkManager(networkManager)),
+				d2vm.WithRaw(raw),
+			)
 		},
 	}
 )
@@ -91,11 +110,12 @@ func parseSize(s string) (int64, error) {
 
 func init() {
 	convertCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&pull, "pull", false, "Always pull docker image")
-	convertCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&format, "output-format", "O", format, "The output image format, supported formats: "+strings.Join(d2vm.OutputFormats(), " "))
-	convertCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&output, "output", "o", output, "The output image")
+	convertCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&output, "output", "o", output, "The output image, the extension determine the image format, raw will be used if none. Supported formats: "+strings.Join(d2vm.OutputFormats(), " "))
 	convertCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&password, "password", "p", "root", "The Root user password")
 	convertCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&size, "size", "s", "10G", "The output image size")
-	convertCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&debug, "debug", "d", false, "Enable Debug output")
 	convertCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&force, "force", "f", false, "Override output qcow2 image")
+	convertCmd.Flags().StringVar(&cmdLineExtra, "append-to-cmdline", "", "Extra kernel cmdline arguments to append to the generated one")
+	convertCmd.Flags().StringVar(&networkManager, "network-manager", "", "Network manager to use for the image: none, netplan, ifupdown")
+	convertCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&raw, "raw", false, "Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more")
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(convertCmd)
 }

cmd/d2vm/docs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+var docsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:    "docs",
+	Short:  "Generate documentation",
+	Args:   cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	Hidden: true,
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(args[0], 0755); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		cmd.Root().DisableAutoGenTag = true
+		if err := doc.GenMarkdownTree(cmd.Root(), args[0]); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(docsCmd)
+}

cmd/d2vm/main.go

@@ -15,22 +15,48 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
 
+	"github.com/fatih/color"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm"
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
 )
 
 var (
-	output   = "disk0.qcow2"
-	size     = "1G"
-	password = "root"
-	force    = false
-	debug    = false
-	format   = "qcow2"
+	output     = "disk0.qcow2"
+	size       = "1G"
+	password   = "root"
+	force      = false
+	verbose    = false
+	timeFormat = ""
+	format     = "qcow2"
 
 	rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "d2vm",
 		SilenceUsage: true,
+		Version:      d2vm.Version,
+		PersistentPreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			switch timeFormat {
+			case "full", "f":
+			case "relative", "rel", "r":
+			case "none", "":
+			default:
+				logrus.Fatalf("invalid time format: %s. Valid format: 'relative', 'full'", timeFormat)
+			}
+			if verbose {
+				logrus.SetLevel(logrus.TraceLevel)
+			}
+			exec.SetDebug(verbose)
+		},
 	}
 )
 
@@ -38,5 +64,66 @@ func main() {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	defer cancel()
 
+	sigs := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sigs, os.Interrupt, os.Kill)
+	go func() {
+		<-sigs
+		fmt.Println()
+		cancel()
+	}()
 	rootCmd.ExecuteContext(ctx)
 }
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&verbose, "debug", "d", false, "Enable Debug output")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().MarkDeprecated("debug", "use -v instead")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "Enable Verbose output")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&timeFormat, "time", "t", "none", "Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)'")
+	color.NoColor = false
+	logrus.StandardLogger().Formatter = &logfmtFormatter{start: time.Now()}
+}
+
+const (
+	red    = 31
+	yellow = 33
+	blue   = 36
+	white  = 39
+	gray   = 90
+)
+
+type logfmtFormatter struct {
+	start time.Time
+}
+
+func (f *logfmtFormatter) Format(entry *logrus.Entry) ([]byte, error) {
+	var b bytes.Buffer
+	var c *color.Color
+	switch entry.Level {
+	case logrus.DebugLevel, logrus.TraceLevel:
+		c = color.New(gray)
+	case logrus.WarnLevel:
+		c = color.New(yellow)
+	case logrus.ErrorLevel, logrus.FatalLevel, logrus.PanicLevel:
+		c = color.New(red)
+	default:
+		c = color.New(white)
+	}
+	msg := entry.Message
+	if len(entry.Message) > 0 && entry.Level < logrus.DebugLevel {
+		msg = strings.ToTitle(string(msg[0])) + msg[1:]
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	switch timeFormat {
+	case "full", "f":
+		_, err = c.Fprintf(&b, "[%s] %s\n", entry.Time.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"), entry.Message)
+	case "relative", "rel", "r":
+		_, err = c.Fprintf(&b, "[%5v] %s\n", entry.Time.Sub(f.start).Truncate(time.Second).String(), msg)
+	default:
+		_, err = c.Fprintln(&b, msg)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return b.Bytes(), nil
+}

cmd/d2vm/run.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/cmd/d2vm/run"
+)
+
+var (
+	runCmd = &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "run",
+		Short: "Run the virtual machine image",
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(runCmd)
+
+	runCmd.AddCommand(run.VboxCmd)
+	runCmd.AddCommand(run.QemuCmd)
+	runCmd.AddCommand(run.HetznerCmd)
+}

cmd/d2vm/run/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Shamelessly taken from [linuxkit](https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit/tree/master/src/cmd/linuxkit)

cmd/d2vm/run/hetzner.go

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package run
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/dustin/go-humanize"
+	"github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go/hcloud"
+	"github.com/pkg/sftp"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/svenwiltink/sparsecat"
+
+	exec2 "go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
+)
+
+const (
+	hetznerTokenEnv = "HETZNER_TOKEN"
+	serverImg       = "ubuntu-20.04"
+	vmBlockPath     = "/dev/sda"
+	sparsecatPath   = "/usr/local/bin/sparsecat"
+)
+
+var (
+	hetznerVMType = "cx11"
+	hetznerToken  = ""
+	// ash-dc1    fsn1-dc14  hel1-dc2   nbg1-dc3
+	hetznerDatacenter = "hel1-dc2"
+	hetznerServerName = "d2vm"
+	hetznerSSHUser    = ""
+	hetznerSSHKeyPath = ""
+	hetznerRemove     = false
+
+	HetznerCmd = &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "hetzner [options] image-path",
+		Short: "Run the virtual machine image on Hetzner Cloud",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		Run:   Hetzner,
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	HetznerCmd.Flags().StringVar(&hetznerToken, "token", "", "Hetzner Cloud API token [$"+hetznerTokenEnv+"]")
+	HetznerCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&hetznerSSHUser, "user", "u", "root", "d2vm image ssh user")
+	HetznerCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&hetznerSSHKeyPath, "ssh-key", "i", "", "d2vm image identity key")
+	HetznerCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&hetznerRemove, "rm", false, "remove server when done")
+	HetznerCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&hetznerServerName, "name", "n", "d2vm", "d2vm server name")
+}
+
+func Hetzner(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(cmd.Context())
+	defer cancel()
+	if err := runHetzner(ctx, args[0], cmd.InOrStdin(), cmd.ErrOrStderr(), cmd.OutOrStdout()); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func runHetzner(ctx context.Context, imgPath string, stdin io.Reader, stderr io.Writer, stdout io.Writer) error {
+	i, err := ImgInfo(ctx, imgPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if i.Format != "raw" {
+		logrus.Warnf("image format is %s, expected raw", i.Format)
+		rawPath := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "d2vm", "run", filepath.Base(imgPath)+".raw")
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(rawPath), 0755); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer os.RemoveAll(rawPath)
+		logrus.Infof("converting image to raw: %s", rawPath)
+		if err := exec2.Run(ctx, "qemu-img", "convert", "-O", "raw", imgPath, rawPath); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		imgPath = rawPath
+		i, err = ImgInfo(ctx, imgPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	src, err := os.Open(imgPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer src.Close()
+
+	c := hcloud.NewClient(hcloud.WithToken(GetStringValue(hetznerTokenEnv, hetznerToken, "")))
+	st, _, err := c.ServerType.GetByName(ctx, hetznerVMType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	img, _, err := c.Image.GetByName(ctx, serverImg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	l, _, err := c.Location.Get(ctx, hetznerDatacenter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	logrus.Infof("creating server %s", hetznerServerName)
+	sres, _, err := c.Server.Create(ctx, hcloud.ServerCreateOpts{
+		Name:             hetznerServerName,
+		ServerType:       st,
+		Image:            img,
+		Location:         l,
+		StartAfterCreate: hcloud.Bool(false),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	remove := true
+	defer func() {
+		if !remove && !hetznerRemove {
+			return
+		}
+		logrus.Infof("removing server %s", hetznerServerName)
+		// we use context.Background() here because we don't want the request to fail if the context has been cancelled
+		if _, err := c.Server.Delete(context.Background(), sres.Server); err != nil {
+			logrus.Fatalf("failed to remove server: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+	_, errs := c.Action.WatchProgress(ctx, sres.Action)
+	if err := <-errs; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	logrus.Infof("server created with ip: %s", sres.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String())
+	logrus.Infof("enabling server rescue mode")
+	rres, _, err := c.Server.EnableRescue(ctx, sres.Server, hcloud.ServerEnableRescueOpts{Type: hcloud.ServerRescueTypeLinux64})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, errs = c.Action.WatchProgress(ctx, rres.Action)
+	if err := <-errs; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	logrus.Infof("powering on server")
+	pres, _, err := c.Server.Poweron(ctx, sres.Server)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, errs = c.Action.WatchProgress(ctx, pres)
+	if err := <-errs; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	logrus.Infof("connecting to server via ssh")
+	sc, err := dialSSHWithTimeout(sres.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String(), "root", rres.RootPassword, time.Minute)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer sc.Close()
+	logrus.Infof("connection established")
+	sftpc, err := sftp.NewClient(sc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	f, err := sftpc.Create(sparsecatPath)
+	logrus.Debugf("creating sparsecat on remote host")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := sftpc.Chmod(sparsecatPath, 0755); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	if _, err := io.Copy(f, bytes.NewReader(sparsecatBinary)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	serrs := make(chan error, 2)
+	go func() {
+		serrs <- func() error {
+			s, err := sc.NewSession()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			defer s.Close()
+			logrus.Infof("installing cloud-guest-utils on rescue server")
+			cmd := "apt update && apt install -y cloud-guest-utils"
+			logrus.Debugf("$ %s", cmd)
+			if b, err := s.CombinedOutput(cmd); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("%v: %s", err, string(b))
+			}
+			return nil
+		}()
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		serrs <- func() error {
+			wses, err := sc.NewSession()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			defer wses.Close()
+			logrus.Infof("writing image to %s", vmBlockPath)
+			done := make(chan struct{})
+			defer close(done)
+			var r io.Reader
+			if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+				r = sparsecat.NewEncoder(src)
+			} else {
+				r = src
+			}
+			pr := newProgressReader(r)
+			wses.Stdin = pr
+			go func() {
+				tk := time.NewTicker(time.Second)
+				last := 0
+				for {
+					select {
+					case <-tk.C:
+						b := pr.Progress()
+						logrus.Infof("%s / %d%% transfered (%s/s)", humanize.Bytes(uint64(b)), int(float64(b)/float64(i.VirtualSize)*100), humanize.Bytes(uint64(b-last)))
+						last = b
+					case <-ctx.Done():
+						logrus.Warnf("context cancelled")
+						return
+					case <-done:
+						logrus.Infof("transfer finished")
+						return
+					}
+				}
+			}()
+			var cmd string
+			if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+				cmd = fmt.Sprintf("%s -r -disable-sparse-target -of %s", sparsecatPath, vmBlockPath)
+			} else {
+				cmd = fmt.Sprintf("dd of=%s", vmBlockPath)
+			}
+			logrus.Debugf("$ %s", cmd)
+			if b, err := wses.CombinedOutput(cmd); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("%v: %s", err, string(b))
+			} else {
+				logrus.Debugf(string(b))
+			}
+			return nil
+		}()
+	}()
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		select {
+		case err := <-serrs:
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+	gses, err := sc.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer gses.Close()
+	logrus.Infof("resizing disk partition")
+	cmd := fmt.Sprintf("growpart %s 1", vmBlockPath)
+	logrus.Debugf("$ %s", cmd)
+	if b, err := gses.CombinedOutput(cmd); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%v: %s", err, string(b))
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf(string(b))
+	}
+	cses, err := sc.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer cses.Close()
+	logrus.Infof("checking disk partition")
+	cmd = fmt.Sprintf("e2fsck -yf %s1", vmBlockPath)
+	logrus.Debugf("$ %s", cmd)
+	if b, err := cses.CombinedOutput(cmd); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%v: %s", err, string(b))
+	} else {
+		logrus.Debugf(string(b))
+	}
+	eses, err := sc.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer eses.Close()
+	logrus.Infof("extending partition file system")
+	cmd = fmt.Sprintf("resize2fs %s1", vmBlockPath)
+	logrus.Debugf("$ %s", cmd)
+	if b, err := eses.CombinedOutput(cmd); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%v: %s", err, string(b))
+	}
+	logrus.Infof("rebooting server")
+	rbres, _, err := c.Server.Reboot(ctx, sres.Server)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, errs = c.Action.WatchProgress(ctx, rbres)
+	if err := <-errs; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	remove = false
+	logrus.Infof("waiting for server to be ready")
+	t := time.NewTimer(time.Minute)
+wait:
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-t.C:
+			return fmt.Errorf("ssh connection timeout")
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		default:
+			var d net.Dialer
+			conn, err := d.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:22", sres.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String()))
+			if err == nil {
+				conn.Close()
+				break wait
+			}
+			time.Sleep(time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+	logrus.Infof("server ready")
+	args := []string{"-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no", "-o", "UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"}
+	if hetznerSSHKeyPath != "" {
+		args = append(args, "-i", hetznerSSHKeyPath)
+	}
+	args = append(args, fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", hetznerSSHUser, sres.Server.PublicNet.IPv4.IP.String()))
+	logrus.Debugf("$ ssh %s", strings.Join(args, " "))
+	sshCmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "ssh", args...)
+	sshCmd.Stdin = stdin
+	sshCmd.Stderr = stderr
+	sshCmd.Stdout = stdout
+	if err := sshCmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}

cmd/d2vm/run/qemu.go

@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+package run
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+const (
+	qemuNetworkingNone    string = "none"
+	qemuNetworkingUser           = "user"
+	qemuNetworkingTap            = "tap"
+	qemuNetworkingBridge         = "bridge"
+	qemuNetworkingDefault        = qemuNetworkingUser
+)
+
+var (
+	defaultArch  string
+	defaultAccel string
+	enableGUI    bool
+	disks        Disks
+	data         string
+	accel        string
+	arch         string
+	cpus         uint
+	mem          uint
+	qemuCmd      string
+	qemuDetached bool
+	networking   string
+	publishFlags MultipleFlag
+	deviceFlags  MultipleFlag
+	usbEnabled   bool
+
+	QemuCmd = &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "qemu [options] [image-path]",
+		Short: "Run the virtual machine image with qemu",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		Run:   Qemu,
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	switch runtime.GOARCH {
+	case "arm64":
+		defaultArch = "aarch64"
+	case "amd64":
+		defaultArch = "x86_64"
+	case "s390x":
+		defaultArch = "s390x"
+	}
+	switch {
+	case runtime.GOARCH == "s390x":
+		defaultAccel = "kvm"
+	case haveKVM():
+		defaultAccel = "kvm:tcg"
+	case runtime.GOOS == "darwin":
+		defaultAccel = "hvf:tcg"
+	}
+	flags := QemuCmd.Flags()
+
+	flags.BoolVar(&enableGUI, "gui", false, "Set qemu to use video output instead of stdio")
+
+	// Paths and settings for disks
+	flags.Var(&disks, "disk", "Disk config, may be repeated. [file=]path[,size=1G][,format=qcow2]")
+	flags.StringVar(&data, "data", "", "String of metadata to pass to VM; error to specify both -data and -data-file")
+
+	// VM configuration
+	flags.StringVar(&accel, "accel", defaultAccel, "Choose acceleration mode. Use 'tcg' to disable it.")
+	flags.StringVar(&arch, "arch", defaultArch, "Type of architecture to use, e.g. x86_64, aarch64, s390x")
+	flags.UintVar(&cpus, "cpus", 1, "Number of CPUs")
+	flags.UintVar(&mem, "mem", 1024, "Amount of memory in MB")
+
+	// Backend configuration
+	flags.StringVar(&qemuCmd, "qemu", "", "Path to the qemu binary (otherwise look in $PATH)")
+	flags.BoolVar(&qemuDetached, "detached", false, "Set qemu container to run in the background")
+
+	// Networking
+	flags.StringVar(&networking, "networking", qemuNetworkingDefault, "Networking mode. Valid options are 'default', 'user', 'bridge[,name]', tap[,name] and 'none'. 'user' uses QEMUs userspace networking. 'bridge' connects to a preexisting bridge. 'tap' uses a prexisting tap device. 'none' disables networking.`")
+
+	flags.Var(&publishFlags, "publish", "Publish a vm's port(s) to the host (default [])")
+
+	// USB devices
+	flags.BoolVar(&usbEnabled, "usb", false, "Enable USB controller")
+
+	flags.Var(&deviceFlags, "device", "Add USB host device(s). Format driver[,prop=value][,...] -- add device, like -device on the qemu command line.")
+
+}
+
+func Qemu(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+
+	// Generate UUID, so that /sys/class/dmi/id/product_uuid is populated
+	vmUUID := uuid.New()
+	// These envvars override the corresponding command line
+	// options. So this must remain after the `flags.Parse` above.
+	accel = GetStringValue("LINUXKIT_QEMU_ACCEL", accel, "")
+
+	path := args[0]
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(path); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for i, d := range disks {
+		id := ""
+		if i != 0 {
+			id = strconv.Itoa(i)
+		}
+		if d.Size != 0 && d.Format == "" {
+			d.Format = "qcow2"
+		}
+		if d.Size != 0 && d.Path == "" {
+			d.Path = "disk" + id + ".img"
+		}
+		if d.Path == "" {
+			log.Fatalf("disk specified with no size or name")
+		}
+		disks[i] = d
+	}
+
+	disks = append(Disks{DiskConfig{Path: path}}, disks...)
+
+	if networking == "" || networking == "default" {
+		dflt := qemuNetworkingDefault
+		networking = dflt
+	}
+	netMode := strings.SplitN(networking, ",", 2)
+
+	var netdevConfig string
+	switch netMode[0] {
+	case qemuNetworkingUser:
+		netdevConfig = "user,id=t0"
+	case qemuNetworkingTap:
+		if len(netMode) != 2 {
+			log.Fatalf("Not enough arguments for %q networking mode", qemuNetworkingTap)
+		}
+		if len(publishFlags) != 0 {
+			log.Fatalf("Port publishing requires %q networking mode", qemuNetworkingUser)
+		}
+		netdevConfig = fmt.Sprintf("tap,id=t0,ifname=%s,script=no,downscript=no", netMode[1])
+	case qemuNetworkingBridge:
+		if len(netMode) != 2 {
+			log.Fatalf("Not enough arguments for %q networking mode", qemuNetworkingBridge)
+		}
+		if len(publishFlags) != 0 {
+			log.Fatalf("Port publishing requires %q networking mode", qemuNetworkingUser)
+		}
+		netdevConfig = fmt.Sprintf("bridge,id=t0,br=%s", netMode[1])
+	case qemuNetworkingNone:
+		if len(publishFlags) != 0 {
+			log.Fatalf("Port publishing requires %q networking mode", qemuNetworkingUser)
+		}
+		netdevConfig = ""
+	default:
+		log.Fatalf("Invalid networking mode: %s", netMode[0])
+	}
+
+	config := QemuConfig{
+		Path:           path,
+		GUI:            enableGUI,
+		Disks:          disks,
+		Arch:           arch,
+		CPUs:           cpus,
+		Memory:         mem,
+		Accel:          accel,
+		Detached:       qemuDetached,
+		QemuBinPath:    qemuCmd,
+		PublishedPorts: publishFlags,
+		NetdevConfig:   netdevConfig,
+		UUID:           vmUUID,
+		USB:            usbEnabled,
+		Devices:        deviceFlags,
+	}
+
+	config, err := discoverBinaries(config)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err = runQemuLocal(config); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func runQemuLocal(config QemuConfig) error {
+	var args []string
+	config, args = buildQemuCmdline(config)
+
+	for _, d := range config.Disks {
+		// If disk doesn't exist then create one
+		if _, err := os.Stat(d.Path); err != nil {
+			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				log.Debugf("Creating new qemu disk [%s] format %s", d.Path, d.Format)
+				qemuImgCmd := exec.Command(config.QemuImgPath, "create", "-f", d.Format, d.Path, fmt.Sprintf("%dM", d.Size))
+				log.Debugf("%v", qemuImgCmd.Args)
+				if err := qemuImgCmd.Run(); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("Error creating disk [%s] format %s:  %s", d.Path, d.Format, err.Error())
+				}
+			} else {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			log.Infof("Using existing disk [%s] format %s", d.Path, d.Format)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Detached mode is only supported in a container.
+	if config.Detached == true {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Detached mode is only supported when running in a container, not locally")
+	}
+
+	qemuCmd := exec.Command(config.QemuBinPath, args...)
+	// If verbosity is enabled print out the full path/arguments
+	log.Debugf("%v", qemuCmd.Args)
+
+	// If we're not using a separate window then link the execution to stdin/out
+	if config.GUI != true {
+		qemuCmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
+		qemuCmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+		qemuCmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	}
+
+	return qemuCmd.Run()
+}
+
+func buildQemuCmdline(config QemuConfig) (QemuConfig, []string) {
+	// Iterate through the flags and build arguments
+	var qemuArgs []string
+	qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-smp", fmt.Sprintf("%d", config.CPUs))
+	qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-m", fmt.Sprintf("%d", config.Memory))
+	qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-uuid", config.UUID.String())
+
+	// Need to specify the vcpu type when running qemu on arm64 platform, for security reason,
+	// the vcpu should be "host" instead of other names such as "cortex-a53"...
+	if config.Arch == "aarch64" {
+		if runtime.GOARCH == "arm64" {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-cpu", "host")
+		} else {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-cpu", "cortex-a57")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// goArch is the GOARCH equivalent of config.Arch
+	var goArch string
+	switch config.Arch {
+	case "s390x":
+		goArch = "s390x"
+	case "aarch64":
+		goArch = "arm64"
+	case "x86_64":
+		goArch = "amd64"
+	default:
+		log.Fatalf("%s is an unsupported architecture.", config.Arch)
+	}
+
+	if goArch != runtime.GOARCH {
+		log.Infof("Disable acceleration as %s != %s", config.Arch, runtime.GOARCH)
+		config.Accel = ""
+	}
+
+	if config.Accel != "" {
+		switch config.Arch {
+		case "s390x":
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-machine", fmt.Sprintf("s390-ccw-virtio,accel=%s", config.Accel))
+		case "aarch64":
+			gic := ""
+			// VCPU supports less PA bits (36) than requested by the memory map (40)
+			highmem := "highmem=off,"
+			if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+				// gic-version=host requires KVM, which implies Linux
+				gic = "gic_version=host,"
+				highmem = ""
+			}
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-machine", fmt.Sprintf("virt,%s%saccel=%s", gic, highmem, config.Accel))
+		default:
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-machine", fmt.Sprintf("q35,accel=%s", config.Accel))
+		}
+	} else {
+		switch config.Arch {
+		case "s390x":
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-machine", "s390-ccw-virtio")
+		case "aarch64":
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-machine", "virt")
+		default:
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-machine", "q35")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// rng-random does not work on macOS
+	// Temporarily disable it until fixed upstream.
+	if runtime.GOOS != "darwin" {
+		rng := "rng-random,id=rng0"
+		if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+			rng = rng + ",filename=/dev/urandom"
+		}
+		if config.Arch == "s390x" {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-object", rng, "-device", "virtio-rng-ccw,rng=rng0")
+		} else {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-object", rng, "-device", "virtio-rng-pci,rng=rng0")
+		}
+	}
+
+	var lastDisk int
+	for i, d := range config.Disks {
+		index := i
+		if d.Format != "" {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-drive", "file="+d.Path+",format="+d.Format+",index="+strconv.Itoa(index)+",media=disk")
+		} else {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-drive", "file="+d.Path+",index="+strconv.Itoa(index)+",media=disk")
+		}
+		lastDisk = index
+	}
+
+	// Ensure CDROMs start from at least hdc
+	if lastDisk < 2 {
+		lastDisk = 2
+	}
+
+	if config.NetdevConfig == "" {
+		qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-net", "none")
+	} else {
+		mac := generateMAC()
+		if config.Arch == "s390x" {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-device", "virtio-net-ccw,netdev=t0,mac="+mac.String())
+		} else {
+			qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-device", "virtio-net-pci,netdev=t0,mac="+mac.String())
+		}
+		forwardings, err := buildQemuForwardings(config.PublishedPorts)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error(err)
+		}
+		qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-netdev", config.NetdevConfig+forwardings)
+	}
+
+	if config.GUI != true {
+		qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-nographic")
+	}
+
+	if config.USB == true {
+		qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-usb")
+	}
+	for _, d := range config.Devices {
+		qemuArgs = append(qemuArgs, "-device", d)
+	}
+
+	return config, qemuArgs
+}
+
+func discoverBinaries(config QemuConfig) (QemuConfig, error) {
+	if config.QemuImgPath != "" {
+		return config, nil
+	}
+
+	qemuBinPath := "qemu-system-" + config.Arch
+	qemuImgPath := "qemu-img"
+
+	var err error
+	config.QemuBinPath, err = exec.LookPath(qemuBinPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return config, fmt.Errorf("Unable to find %s within the $PATH", qemuBinPath)
+	}
+
+	config.QemuImgPath, err = exec.LookPath(qemuImgPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return config, fmt.Errorf("Unable to find %s within the $PATH", qemuImgPath)
+	}
+
+	return config, nil
+}
+
+func buildQemuForwardings(publishFlags MultipleFlag) (string, error) {
+	if len(publishFlags) == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	var forwardings string
+	for _, publish := range publishFlags {
+		p, err := NewPublishedPort(publish)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+
+		hostPort := p.Host
+		guestPort := p.Guest
+
+		forwardings = fmt.Sprintf("%s,hostfwd=%s::%d-:%d", forwardings, p.Protocol, hostPort, guestPort)
+	}
+
+	return forwardings, nil
+}
+
+func buildDockerForwardings(publishedPorts []string) ([]string, error) {
+	pmap := []string{}
+	for _, port := range publishedPorts {
+		s, err := NewPublishedPort(port)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		pmap = append(pmap, "-p", fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d/%s", s.Host, s.Guest, s.Protocol))
+	}
+	return pmap, nil
+}
+
+// QemuConfig contains the config for Qemu
+type QemuConfig struct {
+	Path           string
+	GUI            bool
+	Disks          Disks
+	FWPath         string
+	Arch           string
+	CPUs           uint
+	Memory         uint
+	Accel          string
+	Detached       bool
+	QemuBinPath    string
+	QemuImgPath    string
+	PublishedPorts []string
+	NetdevConfig   string
+	UUID           uuid.UUID
+	USB            bool
+	Devices        []string
+}
+
+func haveKVM() bool {
+	_, err := os.Stat("/dev/kvm")
+	return !os.IsNotExist(err)
+}
+
+func generateMAC() net.HardwareAddr {
+	mac := make([]byte, 6)
+	n, err := rand.Read(mac)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Fatal("failed to generate random mac address")
+	}
+	if n != 6 {
+		log.WithError(err).Fatalf("generated %d bytes for random mac address", n)
+	}
+	mac[0] &^= 0x01 // Clear multicast bit
+	mac[0] |= 0x2   // Set locally administered bit
+	return net.HardwareAddr(mac)
+}

cmd/d2vm/run/util.go

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+//go:generate env GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o sparsecat-linux-amd64 github.com/svenwiltink/sparsecat/cmd/sparsecat
+
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package run
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
+	_ "embed"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
+)
+
+//go:embed sparsecat-linux-amd64
+var sparsecatBinary []byte
+
+// Handle flags with multiple occurrences
+type MultipleFlag []string
+
+func (f *MultipleFlag) String() string {
+	return "A multiple flag is a type of flag that can be repeated any number of times"
+}
+
+func (f *MultipleFlag) Set(value string) error {
+	*f = append(*f, value)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (f *MultipleFlag) Type() string {
+	return "multiple-flag"
+}
+
+func GetStringValue(envKey string, flagVal string, defaultVal string) string {
+	var res string
+
+	// If defined, take the env variable
+	if _, ok := os.LookupEnv(envKey); ok {
+		res = os.Getenv(envKey)
+	}
+
+	// If a flag is specified, this value takes precedence
+	// Ignore cases where the flag carries the default value
+	if flagVal != "" && flagVal != defaultVal {
+		res = flagVal
+	}
+
+	// if we still don't have a value, use the default
+	if res == "" {
+		res = defaultVal
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func GetIntValue(envKey string, flagVal int, defaultVal int) int {
+	var res int
+
+	// If defined, take the env variable
+	if _, ok := os.LookupEnv(envKey); ok {
+		var err error
+		res, err = strconv.Atoi(os.Getenv(envKey))
+		if err != nil {
+			res = 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If a flag is specified, this value takes precedence
+	// Ignore cases where the flag carries the default value
+	if flagVal > 0 {
+		res = flagVal
+	}
+
+	// if we still don't have a value, use the default
+	if res == 0 {
+		res = defaultVal
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func GetBoolValue(envKey string, flagVal bool) bool {
+	var res bool
+
+	// If defined, take the env variable
+	if _, ok := os.LookupEnv(envKey); ok {
+		switch os.Getenv(envKey) {
+		case "":
+			res = false
+		case "0":
+			res = false
+		case "false":
+			res = false
+		case "FALSE":
+			res = false
+		case "1":
+			res = true
+		default:
+			// catches "true", "TRUE" or anything else
+			res = true
+
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If a flag is specified, this value takes precedence
+	if res != flagVal {
+		res = flagVal
+	}
+
+	return res
+}
+
+func StringToIntArray(l string, sep string) ([]int, error) {
+	var err error
+	if l == "" {
+		return []int{}, err
+	}
+	s := strings.Split(l, sep)
+	i := make([]int, len(s))
+	for idx := range s {
+		if i[idx], err = strconv.Atoi(s[idx]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return i, nil
+}
+
+// Convert a multi-line string into an array of strings
+func SplitLines(in string) []string {
+	res := []string{}
+
+	s := bufio.NewScanner(strings.NewReader(in))
+	for s.Scan() {
+		res = append(res, s.Text())
+	}
+
+	return res
+}
+
+// This function parses the "size" parameter of a disk specification
+// and returns the size in MB. The "size" parameter defaults to GB, but
+// the unit can be explicitly set with either a G (for GB) or M (for
+// MB). It returns the disk size in MB.
+func GetDiskSizeMB(s string) (int, error) {
+	if s == "" {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+	sz := len(s)
+	if strings.HasSuffix(s, "M") {
+		return strconv.Atoi(s[:sz-1])
+	}
+	if strings.HasSuffix(s, "G") {
+		s = s[:sz-1]
+	}
+
+	i, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return 1024 * i, nil
+}
+
+func ConvertMBtoGB(i int) int {
+	if i < 1024 {
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	if i%1024 == 0 {
+		return i / 1024
+	}
+
+	return (i + (1024 - i%1024)) / 1024
+}
+
+// DiskConfig is the config for a disk
+type DiskConfig struct {
+	Path   string
+	Size   int
+	Format string
+}
+
+// Disks is the type for a list of DiskConfig
+type Disks []DiskConfig
+
+func (l *Disks) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprint(*l)
+}
+
+// Set is used by flag to configure value from CLI
+func (l *Disks) Set(value string) error {
+	d := DiskConfig{}
+	s := strings.Split(value, ",")
+	for _, p := range s {
+		c := strings.SplitN(p, "=", 2)
+		switch len(c) {
+		case 1:
+			// assume it is a filename even if no file=x
+			d.Path = c[0]
+		case 2:
+			switch c[0] {
+			case "file":
+				d.Path = c[1]
+			case "size":
+				size, err := GetDiskSizeMB(c[1])
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				d.Size = size
+			case "format":
+				d.Format = c[1]
+			default:
+				return fmt.Errorf("Unknown disk config: %s", c[0])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	*l = append(*l, d)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (l *Disks) Type() string {
+	return "disk"
+}
+
+// PublishedPort is used by some backends to expose a VMs port on the host
+type PublishedPort struct {
+	Guest    uint16
+	Host     uint16
+	Protocol string
+}
+
+// NewPublishedPort parses a string of the form <host>:<guest>[/<tcp|udp>] and returns a PublishedPort structure
+func NewPublishedPort(publish string) (PublishedPort, error) {
+	p := PublishedPort{}
+	slice := strings.Split(publish, ":")
+
+	if len(slice) < 2 {
+		return p, fmt.Errorf("Unable to parse the ports to be published, should be in format <host>:<guest> or <host>:<guest>/<tcp|udp>")
+	}
+
+	hostPort, err := strconv.ParseUint(slice[0], 10, 16)
+	if err != nil {
+		return p, fmt.Errorf("The provided hostPort can't be converted to uint16")
+	}
+
+	right := strings.Split(slice[1], "/")
+
+	protocol := "tcp"
+	if len(right) == 2 {
+		protocol = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(right[1]))
+	}
+	if protocol != "tcp" && protocol != "udp" {
+		return p, fmt.Errorf("Provided protocol is not valid, valid options are: udp and tcp")
+	}
+
+	guestPort, err := strconv.ParseUint(right[0], 10, 16)
+	if err != nil {
+		return p, fmt.Errorf("The provided guestPort can't be converted to uint16")
+	}
+
+	if hostPort < 1 || hostPort > 65535 {
+		return p, fmt.Errorf("Invalid hostPort: %d", hostPort)
+	}
+	if guestPort < 1 || guestPort > 65535 {
+		return p, fmt.Errorf("Invalid guestPort: %d", guestPort)
+	}
+
+	p.Guest = uint16(guestPort)
+	p.Host = uint16(hostPort)
+	p.Protocol = protocol
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+func dialSSH(server, user, password string) (*ssh.Client, error) {
+	c, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", server+":22", &ssh.ClientConfig{
+		User:            user,
+		Auth:            []ssh.AuthMethod{ssh.Password(password)},
+		HostKeyCallback: ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey(),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+func dialSSHWithTimeout(server, user, password string, timeout time.Duration) (*ssh.Client, error) {
+	t := time.NewTimer(timeout)
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-t.C:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("timeout while trying to connect to the server")
+		default:
+			c, err := dialSSH(server, user, password)
+			if err == nil {
+				return c, nil
+			}
+			time.Sleep(time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func newProgressReader(r io.Reader) *pw {
+	return &pw{r: r}
+}
+
+type pw struct {
+	r     io.Reader
+	total int
+	size  int
+	mu    sync.RWMutex
+}
+
+func (p *pw) Read(buf []byte) (int, error) {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	p.total += len(buf)
+	p.mu.Unlock()
+	return p.r.Read(buf)
+}
+
+func (p *pw) Progress() int {
+	p.mu.RLock()
+	defer p.mu.RUnlock()
+	return p.total
+}
+
+type QemuInfo struct {
+	VirtualSize int    `json:"virtual-size"`
+	Filename    string `json:"filename"`
+	Format      string `json:"format"`
+	ActualSize  int    `json:"actual-size"`
+	DirtyFlag   bool   `json:"dirty-flag"`
+}
+
+func ImgInfo(ctx context.Context, path string) (*QemuInfo, error) {
+	o, err := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "qemu-img", "info", path, "--output", "json").CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%v: %s", err, string(o))
+	}
+	var i QemuInfo
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(o, &i); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &i, nil
+}

cmd/d2vm/run/vbox.go

@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+package run
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"go.linka.cloud/console"
+
+	exec2 "go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
+)
+
+var (
+	VboxCmd = &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "vbox [options] image-path",
+		Short: "Run the virtual machine image with Virtualbox",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		Run:   Vbox,
+	}
+
+	vboxmanageFlag string
+	name           string
+	networks       VBNetworks
+)
+
+func init() {
+	flags := VboxCmd.Flags()
+	// Display flags
+	flags.Bool("gui", false, "Show the VM GUI")
+
+	// vbox options
+	flags.StringVar(&vboxmanageFlag, "vboxmanage", "VBoxManage", "VBoxManage binary to use")
+	flags.StringVar(&name, "name", "d2vm", "Name of the Virtualbox VM")
+
+	// Paths and settings for disks
+	flags.Var(&disks, "disk", "Disk config, may be repeated. [file=]path[,size=1G][,format=raw]")
+
+	// VM configuration
+	flags.Uint("cpus", 1, "Number of CPUs")
+	flags.Uint("mem", 1024, "Amount of memory in MB")
+
+	// networking
+	flags.Var(&networks, "networking", "Network config, may be repeated. [type=](null|nat|bridged|intnet|hostonly|generic|natnetwork[<devicename>])[,[bridge|host]adapter=<interface>]")
+
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		log.Fatalf("TODO: Windows is not yet supported")
+	}
+}
+
+func Vbox(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+	path := args[0]
+	if err := vbox(cmd.Context(), path); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func vbox(ctx context.Context, path string) error {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(path); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	vboxmanage, err := exec.LookPath(vboxmanageFlag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Cannot find management binary %s: %v", vboxmanageFlag, err)
+	}
+	i, err := ImgInfo(ctx, path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get image info: %v", err)
+	}
+	if i.Format != "vdi" {
+		logrus.Warnf("image format is %s, expected vdi", i.Format)
+		vdi := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "d2vm", "run", filepath.Base(path)+".vdi")
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(vdi), 0755); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer os.RemoveAll(vdi)
+		logrus.Infof("converting image to raw: %s", vdi)
+		if err := exec2.Run(ctx, "qemu-img", "convert", "-O", "vdi", path, vdi); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		path = vdi
+	}
+
+	// remove machine in case it already exists
+	cleanup(vboxmanage, name)
+
+	_, out, err := manage(vboxmanage, "createvm", "--name", name, "--register")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("createvm error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--acpi", "on")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --acpi error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--memory", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mem))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --memory error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--cpus", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cpus))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --cpus error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--firmware", "bios")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --firmware error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	// set up serial console
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--uart1", "0x3F8", "4")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --uart error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	consolePath := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "d2vm-vb", name, "console")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(consolePath), os.ModePerm); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("mkir %s: %v", consolePath, err)
+	}
+	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
+		consolePath, err = filepath.Abs(consolePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("Bad path: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// TODO use a named pipe on Windows
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--uartmode1", "client", consolePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --uartmode error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "storagectl", name, "--name", "IDE Controller", "--add", "ide")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("storagectl error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "storageattach", name, "--storagectl", "IDE Controller", "--port", "1", "--device", "0", "--type", "hdd", "--medium", path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("storageattach error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, "--boot1", "disk")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --boot error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	if len(disks) > 0 {
+		_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "storagectl", name, "--name", "SATA", "--add", "sata")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("storagectl error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for i, d := range disks {
+		id := strconv.Itoa(i)
+		if d.Size != 0 && d.Format == "" {
+			d.Format = "raw"
+		}
+		if d.Format != "raw" && d.Path == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("vbox currently can only create raw disks")
+		}
+		if d.Path == "" && d.Size == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("please specify an existing disk file or a size")
+		}
+		if d.Path == "" {
+			d.Path = "disk" + id + ".img"
+			if err := os.Truncate(d.Path, int64(d.Size)*int64(1048576)); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("Cannot create disk: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+		_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "storageattach", name, "--storagectl", "SATA", "--port", "0", "--device", id, "--type", "hdd", "--medium", d.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("storageattach error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for i, d := range networks {
+		nic := i + 1
+		_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, fmt.Sprintf("--nictype%d", nic), "virtio")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --nictype error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+		}
+
+		_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, fmt.Sprintf("--nic%d", nic), d.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --nic error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+		}
+		if d.Type == "hostonly" {
+			_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, fmt.Sprintf("--hostonlyadapter%d", nic), d.Adapter)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --hostonlyadapter error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+			}
+		} else if d.Type == "bridged" {
+			_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, fmt.Sprintf("--bridgeadapter%d", nic), d.Adapter)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --bridgeadapter error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+			}
+		}
+
+		_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "modifyvm", name, fmt.Sprintf("--cableconnected%d", nic), "on")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("modifyvm --cableconnected error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// create socket
+	_ = os.Remove(consolePath)
+	ln, err := net.Listen("unix", consolePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Cannot listen on console socket %s: %v", consolePath, err)
+	}
+	defer ln.Close()
+
+	var vmType string
+	if enableGUI {
+		vmType = "gui"
+	} else {
+		vmType = "headless"
+	}
+
+	term := console.Current()
+	ws, err := term.Size()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get term size: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	_, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "startvm", name, "--type", vmType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("startvm error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+	defer cleanup(vboxmanage, name)
+
+	if err := term.Resize(ws); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, console.ErrUnsupported) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("resize term: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := term.SetRaw(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set raw term: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := term.Reset(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to reset term: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	socket, err := ln.Accept()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Accept error: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer socket.Close()
+	errs := make(chan error, 2)
+	go func() {
+		_, err := io.Copy(socket, term)
+		errs <- err
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		_, err := io.Copy(term, socket)
+		errs <- err
+	}()
+	return <-errs
+}
+
+func cleanup(vboxmanage string, name string) {
+	if _, _, err := manage(vboxmanage, "controlvm", name, "poweroff"); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("controlvm poweroff error: %v", err)
+	}
+	_, out, err := manage(vboxmanage, "storageattach", name, "--storagectl", "IDE Controller", "--port", "1", "--device", "0", "--type", "hdd", "--medium", "emptydrive")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("storageattach error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+	for i := range disks {
+		id := strconv.Itoa(i)
+		_, out, err := manage(vboxmanage, "storageattach", name, "--storagectl", "SATA", "--port", "0", "--device", id, "--type", "hdd", "--medium", "emptydrive")
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("storageattach error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, out, err = manage(vboxmanage, "unregistervm", name, "--delete"); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("unregistervm error: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+}
+
+func manage(vboxmanage string, args ...string) (string, string, error) {
+	log.Debugf("$ %s %s", vboxmanage, strings.Join(args, " "))
+	cmd := exec.Command(vboxmanage, args...)
+
+	var stdout bytes.Buffer
+	var stderr bytes.Buffer
+	cmd.Stdout = io.MultiWriter(&stdout, logrus.StandardLogger().WriterLevel(logrus.DebugLevel))
+	cmd.Stderr = io.MultiWriter(&stderr, logrus.StandardLogger().WriterLevel(logrus.DebugLevel))
+	err := cmd.Run()
+	return stdout.String(), stderr.String(), err
+}
+
+// VBNetwork is the config for a Virtual Box network
+type VBNetwork struct {
+	Type    string
+	Adapter string
+}
+
+// VBNetworks is the type for a list of VBNetwork
+type VBNetworks []VBNetwork
+
+func (l *VBNetworks) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprint(*l)
+}
+
+func (l *VBNetworks) Type() string {
+	return "vbnetworks"
+}
+
+// Set is used by flag to configure value from CLI
+func (l *VBNetworks) Set(value string) error {
+	d := VBNetwork{}
+	s := strings.Split(value, ",")
+	for _, p := range s {
+		c := strings.SplitN(p, "=", 2)
+		switch len(c) {
+		case 1:
+			d.Type = c[0]
+		case 2:
+			switch c[0] {
+			case "type":
+				d.Type = c[1]
+			case "adapter", "bridgeadapter", "hostadapter":
+				d.Adapter = c[1]
+			default:
+				return fmt.Errorf("Unknown network config: %s", c[0])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	*l = append(*l, d)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/d2vm/version.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm"
+)
+
+var (
+	cmdVersion = &cobra.Command{
+		Use: "version",
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			fmt.Println(d2vm.Version)
+			fmt.Println(d2vm.BuildDate)
+		},
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(cmdVersion)
+}

convert.go

@@ -17,17 +17,22 @@ package d2vm
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/svenwiltink/sparsecat"
 
 	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/docker"
 )
 
-func Convert(ctx context.Context, img string, size int64, password string, output string, format string) error {
+func Convert(ctx context.Context, img string, opts ...ConvertOption) error {
+	o := &convertOptions{}
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(o)
+	}
 	imgUUID := uuid.New().String()
 	tmpPath := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "d2vm", imgUUID)
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(tmpPath, os.ModePerm); err != nil {
@@ -40,51 +45,52 @@ func Convert(ctx context.Context, img string, size int64, password string, outpu
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	d, err := NewDockerfile(r, img, password)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if !o.raw {
+		d, err := NewDockerfile(r, img, o.password, o.networkManager)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Infof("docker image based on %s %s", d.Release.Name, d.Release.Version)
+		p := filepath.Join(tmpPath, docker.FormatImgName(img))
+		dir := filepath.Dir(p)
+		f, err := os.Create(p)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer f.Close()
+		if err := d.Render(f); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		logrus.Infof("building kernel enabled image")
+		if err := docker.Build(ctx, imgUUID, p, dir); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer docker.Remove(ctx, imgUUID)
+	} else {
+		// for raw images, we just tag the image with the uuid
+		if err := docker.Tag(ctx, img, imgUUID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer docker.Remove(ctx, imgUUID)
 	}
-	logrus.Infof("docker image based on %s", d.Release.Name)
-	p := filepath.Join(tmpPath, docker.FormatImgName(img))
-	dir := filepath.Dir(p)
-	f, err := os.Create(p)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-	if err := d.Render(f); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	logrus.Infof("building kernel enabled image")
-	if err := docker.Cmd(ctx, "image", "build", "-t", imgUUID, "-f", p, dir); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer docker.Cmd(ctx, "image", "rm", imgUUID)
-	archive := imgUUID + ".tar"
-	archivePath := filepath.Join(tmpPath, archive)
-	logrus.Infof("creating root file system archive")
-	if err := docker.Cmd(ctx, "run", "-d", "--name", imgUUID, imgUUID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := docker.Cmd(ctx, "export", "--output", archivePath, imgUUID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := docker.Cmd(ctx, "rm", "-f", imgUUID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	logrus.Infof("creating vm image")
 
-	b, err := NewBuilder(tmpPath, archivePath, "", size, r, format)
+	logrus.Infof("creating vm image")
+	format := strings.TrimPrefix(filepath.Ext(o.output), ".")
+	if format == "" {
+		format = "raw"
+	}
+	b, err := NewBuilder(ctx, tmpPath, imgUUID, "", o.size, r, format, o.cmdLineExtra)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	defer b.Close()
 	if err := b.Build(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := os.RemoveAll(output); err != nil {
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(o.output); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := MoveFile(filepath.Join(tmpPath, "disk0.qcow2"), output); err != nil {
+	if err := MoveFile(filepath.Join(tmpPath, "disk0."+format), o.output); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -101,7 +107,7 @@ func MoveFile(sourcePath, destPath string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open dest file: %s", err)
 	}
 	defer outputFile.Close()
-	_, err = io.Copy(outputFile, inputFile)
+	_, err = sparsecat.NewDecoder(sparsecat.NewEncoder(inputFile)).WriteTo(outputFile)
 	inputFile.Close()
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write to output file: %s", err)

convert_options.go

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package d2vm
+
+type ConvertOption func(o *convertOptions)
+
+type convertOptions struct {
+	size           int64
+	password       string
+	output         string
+	cmdLineExtra   string
+	networkManager NetworkManager
+	raw            bool
+}
+
+func WithSize(size int64) ConvertOption {
+	return func(o *convertOptions) {
+		o.size = size
+	}
+}
+
+func WithPassword(password string) ConvertOption {
+	return func(o *convertOptions) {
+		o.password = password
+	}
+}
+
+func WithOutput(output string) ConvertOption {
+	return func(o *convertOptions) {
+		o.output = output
+	}
+}
+
+func WithCmdLineExtra(cmdLineExtra string) ConvertOption {
+	return func(o *convertOptions) {
+		o.cmdLineExtra = cmdLineExtra
+	}
+}
+
+func WithNetworkManager(networkManager NetworkManager) ConvertOption {
+	return func(o *convertOptions) {
+		o.networkManager = networkManager
+	}
+}
+
+func WithRaw(raw bool) ConvertOption {
+	return func(o *convertOptions) {
+		o.raw = raw
+	}
+}

docker_image.go

@@ -15,58 +15,122 @@
 package d2vm
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"text/template"
+
+	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/cmd/crane/cmd"
+	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/name"
+	v1 "github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1"
+	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1/daemon"
+	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1/mutate"
+
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
 )
 
 const (
 	dockerImageRun = `
 #!/bin/sh
 
-{{- range .Config.Env }}
+{{- range .DockerImageConfig.Env }}
 export {{ . }}
 {{- end }}
 
-cd {{- if .Config.WorkingDir }}{{ .Config.WorkingDir }}{{- else }}/{{- end }}
+{{ if .DockerImageConfig.WorkingDir }}cd {{ .DockerImageConfig.WorkingDir }}{{ end }}
 
-{{ .Config.Entrypoint }} {{ .Config.Args }}
+{{ if .DockerImageConfig.User }}su {{ .DockerImageConfig.User }} -p -s /bin/sh -c '{{ end }}{{ if .DockerImageConfig.Entrypoint}}{{ format .DockerImageConfig.Entrypoint }} {{ end}}{{ if .DockerImageConfig.Cmd }}{{ format .DockerImageConfig.Cmd }}{{ end }}{{ if .DockerImageConfig.User }}'{{- end }}
 `
 )
 
 var (
-	dockerImageRunTemplate = template.Must(template.New("docker-run.sh").Parse(dockerImageRun))
+	dockerImageRunTemplate = template.Must(template.New("docker-run.sh").Funcs(map[string]interface{}{"format": func(a []string) string {
+		var o []string
+		for _, v := range a {
+			o = append(o, fmt.Sprintf("\"%s\"", v))
+		}
+		return strings.Join(o, " ")
+	}}).Parse(dockerImageRun))
+
+	_ = cmd.NewCmdFlatten
 )
 
 type DockerImage struct {
-	Config struct {
-		Hostname     string `json:"Hostname"`
-		Domainname   string `json:"Domainname"`
-		User         string `json:"User"`
-		AttachStdin  bool   `json:"AttachStdin"`
-		AttachStdout bool   `json:"AttachStdout"`
-		AttachStderr bool   `json:"AttachStderr"`
-		ExposedPorts struct {
-			Tcp struct {
-			} `json:"3000/tcp"`
-		} `json:"ExposedPorts"`
-		Tty        bool        `json:"Tty"`
-		OpenStdin  bool        `json:"OpenStdin"`
-		StdinOnce  bool        `json:"StdinOnce"`
-		Env        []string    `json:"Env"`
-		Cmd        []string    `json:"Cmd"`
-		Image      string      `json:"Image"`
-		Volumes    interface{} `json:"Volumes"`
-		WorkingDir string      `json:"WorkingDir"`
-		Entrypoint []string    `json:"Entrypoint"`
-		OnBuild    interface{} `json:"OnBuild"`
-		Labels     interface{} `json:"Labels"`
-	} `json:"Config"`
-	Architecture string `json:"Architecture"`
-	Os           string `json:"Os"`
-	Size         int    `json:"Size"`
-	VirtualSize  int    `json:"VirtualSize"`
+	DockerImageConfig `json:"Config"`
+	Architecture      string `json:"Architecture"`
+	Os                string `json:"Os"`
+	Size              int    `json:"Size"`
+}
+
+type DockerImageConfig struct {
+	Image      string   `json:"Image"`
+	Hostname   string   `json:"Hostname"`
+	Domainname string   `json:"Domainname"`
+	User       string   `json:"User"`
+	Env        []string `json:"Env"`
+	Cmd        []string `json:"Cmd"`
+	WorkingDir string   `json:"WorkingDir"`
+	Entrypoint []string `json:"Entrypoint"`
 }
 
 func (i DockerImage) AsRunScript(w io.Writer) error {
 	return dockerImageRunTemplate.Execute(w, i)
 }
+
+func NewImage(ctx context.Context, tag string, imageTmpPath string) (*image, error) {
+	ref, err := name.ParseReference(tag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	img, err := daemon.Image(ref)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(imageTmpPath, perm); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	i := &image{
+		img: img,
+		dir: imageTmpPath,
+	}
+	return i, nil
+}
+
+type image struct {
+	tag      string
+	img      v1.Image
+	dir      string
+	Config   string   `json:"Config"`
+	RepoTags []string `json:"RepoTags"`
+	Layers   []string `json:"Layers"`
+}
+
+func (i image) Flatten(ctx context.Context, out string) error {
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(out, perm); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	tar := filepath.Join(i.dir, "img.tar")
+	f, err := os.Create(tar)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	if _, err := io.Copy(f, mutate.Extract(i.img)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := exec.Run(ctx, "tar", "xvf", tar, "-C", out); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (i image) Close() error {
+	return os.RemoveAll(i.dir)
+}

docker_image_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package d2vm
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/docker"
+	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
+)
+
+func TestDockerImageAsRunSript(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		image DockerImage
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "nothing",
+			image: DockerImage{
+				DockerImageConfig: DockerImageConfig{
+					User:       "",
+					WorkingDir: "",
+					Env:        nil,
+					Entrypoint: nil,
+					Cmd:        nil,
+				},
+			},
+			want: `
+#!/bin/sh
+
+
+
+
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "tail -f /dev/null",
+			image: DockerImage{
+				DockerImageConfig: DockerImageConfig{
+					User: "root",
+					Cmd:  []string{"tail", "-f", "/dev/null"},
+				},
+			},
+			want: `
+#!/bin/sh
+
+
+
+su root -p -s /bin/sh -c '"tail" "-f" "/dev/null"'
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "tail -f /dev/null inside home",
+			image: DockerImage{
+				DockerImageConfig: DockerImageConfig{
+					User:       "root",
+					WorkingDir: "/root",
+					Cmd:        []string{"tail", "-f", "/dev/null"},
+				},
+			},
+			want: `
+#!/bin/sh
+
+cd /root
+
+su root -p -s /bin/sh -c '"tail" "-f" "/dev/null"'
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "subshell tail -f /dev/null",
+			image: DockerImage{
+				DockerImageConfig: DockerImageConfig{
+					User:       "root",
+					Entrypoint: []string{"/bin/sh", "-c"},
+					Cmd:        []string{"tail -f /dev/null"},
+				},
+			},
+			want: `
+#!/bin/sh
+
+
+
+su root -p -s /bin/sh -c '"/bin/sh" "-c" "tail -f /dev/null"'
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "www-data with env",
+			image: DockerImage{
+				DockerImageConfig: DockerImageConfig{
+					User: "www-data",
+					Cmd:  []string{"tail", "-f", "/dev/null"},
+					Env:  []string{"ENV=PROD", "DB=mysql://user:password@localhost"},
+				},
+			},
+			want: `
+#!/bin/sh
+export ENV=PROD
+export DB=mysql://user:password@localhost
+
+
+
+su www-data -p -s /bin/sh -c '"tail" "-f" "/dev/null"'
+`,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var w bytes.Buffer
+			require.NoError(t, tt.image.AsRunScript(&w))
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, w.String())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestImageFlatten(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	const (
+		img        = "d2vm-flatten-test"
+		dockerfile = `FROM alpine
+
+COPY resolv.conf /etc/
+COPY hostname /etc/
+
+RUN rm -rf /etc/apk
+`
+	)
+	exec.SetDebug(true)
+	tmp := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "d2vm-tests", "image-flatten")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(tmp, perm))
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmp)
+
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "hostname"), []byte("d2vm-flatten-test"), perm))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "resolv.conf"), []byte("nameserver 8.8.8.8"), perm))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "Dockerfile"), []byte(dockerfile), perm))
+	require.NoError(t, docker.Build(ctx, img, "", tmp))
+	defer docker.Remove(ctx, img)
+
+	imgTmp := filepath.Join(tmp, "image")
+
+	i, err := NewImage(ctx, img, imgTmp)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	rootfs := filepath.Join(tmp, "rootfs")
+	require.NoError(t, i.Flatten(ctx, rootfs))
+
+	b, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(rootfs, "etc", "resolv.conf"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "nameserver 8.8.8.8", string(b))
+
+	b, err = os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(rootfs, "etc", "hostname"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "d2vm-flatten-test", string(b))
+
+	_, err = os.Stat(filepath.Join(rootfs, "etc", "apk"))
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, i.Close())
+	_, err = os.Stat(imgTmp)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}

dockerfile.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"text/template"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 //go:embed templates/ubuntu.Dockerfile
@@ -40,33 +42,71 @@ var (
 	centOSDockerfileTemplate = template.Must(template.New("centos.Dockerfile").Parse(centOSDockerfile))
 )
 
+type NetworkManager string
+
+const (
+	NetworkManagerNone      NetworkManager = "none"
+	NetworkManagerIfupdown2 NetworkManager = "ifupdown"
+	NetworkManagerNetplan   NetworkManager = "netplan"
+)
+
+func (n NetworkManager) Validate() error {
+	switch n {
+	case NetworkManagerNone, NetworkManagerIfupdown2, NetworkManagerNetplan:
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported network manager: %s", n)
+	}
+}
+
 type Dockerfile struct {
-	Image    string
-	Password string
-	Release  OSRelease
-	tmpl     *template.Template
+	Image          string
+	Password       string
+	Release        OSRelease
+	NetworkManager NetworkManager
+	tmpl           *template.Template
 }
 
 func (d Dockerfile) Render(w io.Writer) error {
 	return d.tmpl.Execute(w, d)
 }
 
-func NewDockerfile(release OSRelease, img, password string) (Dockerfile, error) {
+func NewDockerfile(release OSRelease, img, password string, networkManager NetworkManager) (Dockerfile, error) {
 	if password == "" {
 		password = "root"
 	}
-	d := Dockerfile{Release: release, Image: img, Password: password}
+	d := Dockerfile{Release: release, Image: img, Password: password, NetworkManager: networkManager}
+	var net NetworkManager
 	switch release.ID {
 	case ReleaseDebian:
 		d.tmpl = debianDockerfileTemplate
+		net = NetworkManagerIfupdown2
 	case ReleaseUbuntu:
 		d.tmpl = ubuntuDockerfileTemplate
+		net = NetworkManagerNetplan
 	case ReleaseAlpine:
 		d.tmpl = alpineDockerfileTemplate
-	case ReleaseCentOS, ReleaseRHEL:
+		net = NetworkManagerIfupdown2
+		if networkManager == NetworkManagerNetplan {
+			return d, fmt.Errorf("netplan is not supported on alpine")
+		}
+	case ReleaseCentOS:
 		d.tmpl = centOSDockerfileTemplate
+		net = NetworkManagerNone
+		if networkManager != "" && networkManager != NetworkManagerNone {
+			return Dockerfile{}, fmt.Errorf("network manager is not supported on centos")
+		}
 	default:
 		return Dockerfile{}, fmt.Errorf("unsupported distribution: %s", release.ID)
 	}
+	if d.NetworkManager == "" {
+		if release.ID != ReleaseCentOS {
+			logrus.Warnf("no network manager specified, using distribution defaults: %s", net)
+		}
+		d.NetworkManager = net
+	}
+	if err := d.NetworkManager.Validate(); err != nil {
+		return Dockerfile{}, err
+	}
 	return d, nil
 }

docs/content/assets/matrixorg-icon.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 66 56" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><use xlink:href="#A" x=".5" y=".5"/><symbol id="A" overflow="visible"><g stroke="none" fill-rule="nonzero"><path d="M49.46 37.36h-5.32c-.178 0-.323-.145-.323-.323V26.06l-.074-1.808c-.047-.53-.173-.992-.376-1.376a2.2 2.2 0 0 0-.868-.883c-.38-.22-.93-.332-1.62-.332s-1.238.13-1.647.382-.743.597-.976 1a4.21 4.21 0 0 0-.486 1.462c-.085.567-.128 1.15-.128 1.732v10.8c0 .178-.145.323-.323.323H32c-.178 0-.323-.145-.323-.323V26.18l-.037-1.7c-.024-.524-.124-1.013-.297-1.45-.164-.415-.43-.74-.814-.992s-.972-.378-1.752-.378c-.22 0-.527.053-.908.157-.368.1-.732.294-1.08.577s-.65.694-.904 1.235-.382 1.27-.382 2.167v11.24c0 .178-.144.323-.323.323h-5.32c-.178 0-.323-.145-.323-.323v-19.37c0-.178.145-.322.323-.322h5.02c.178 0 .323.145.323.322v1.794c.618-.726 1.33-1.315 2.125-1.757 1.032-.574 2.225-.865 3.548-.865 1.265 0 2.44.25 3.5.743.934.44 1.68 1.17 2.224 2.18.556-.703 1.263-1.34 2.108-1.895 1.036-.682 2.274-1.028 3.68-1.028 1.048 0 2.036.13 2.937.387.917.263 1.715.7 2.373 1.267s1.18 1.348 1.548 2.278c.363.922.547 2.04.547 3.323v12.964c0 .178-.145.323-.323.323z" opacity=".5"/><path d="M24.88 17.675v2.623h.075c.7-.998 1.542-1.774 2.53-2.323s2.117-.824 3.39-.824c1.224 0 2.342.238 3.353.712s1.78 1.31 2.305 2.51c.574-.85 1.355-1.6 2.342-2.248s2.154-.974 3.504-.974c1.024 0 1.973.125 2.848.375s1.623.65 2.248 1.2 1.11 1.268 1.462 2.154.525 1.955.525 3.204v12.964h-5.32V26.07l-.075-1.836c-.05-.574-.187-1.073-.412-1.5s-.556-.762-.993-1.012-1.03-.374-1.78-.374-1.355.145-1.817.43a3.12 3.12 0 0 0-1.087 1.124c-.263.461-.437.987-.524 1.574s-.132 1.184-.131 1.78v10.79H32V26.182l-.037-1.705c-.025-.562-.13-1.08-.32-1.556s-.5-.855-.937-1.143-1.08-.43-1.93-.43c-.25 0-.58.056-.993.17a3.3 3.3 0 0 0-1.199.637c-.388.313-.718.762-.993 1.35s-.412 1.355-.412 2.304v11.24h-5.32V17.675z" opacity=".5"/><path d="M1.432 1.244v51.833h3.73v1.244H0V0h5.162v1.243zm20.788 16.43v2.623h.075c.7-.998 1.542-1.774 2.53-2.323s2.117-.824 3.4-.824c1.224 0 2.342.238 3.353.712s1.78 1.3 2.305 2.5c.574-.85 1.355-1.6 2.342-2.248s2.154-.974 3.504-.974c1.024 0 1.973.125 2.848.375s1.623.65 2.248 1.2 1.1 1.268 1.462 2.154.525 1.955.525 3.204v12.964h-5.32V26.06l-.075-1.836c-.05-.574-.187-1.073-.412-1.5s-.556-.762-.993-1.012-1.03-.374-1.78-.374-1.355.145-1.817.43a3.12 3.12 0 0 0-1.087 1.124c-.263.46-.437.987-.524 1.574s-.132 1.184-.131 1.78v10.8h-5.32V26.182l-.037-1.705c-.025-.562-.13-1.08-.32-1.556s-.5-.855-.937-1.143-1.08-.43-1.93-.43c-.25 0-.58.056-.993.17a3.3 3.3 0 0 0-1.199.637c-.388.313-.718.762-.993 1.35s-.412 1.355-.412 2.304v11.24H17.2V17.675zm40.348 35.402V1.244h-3.73V0H64v54.32h-5.162v-1.244z" fill="#000"/></g></symbol></svg>

docs/content/full-example.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../examples/full/README.md

docs/content/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../README.md

docs/content/reference/d2vm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+## d2vm
+
+
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help          help for d2vm
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm build](d2vm_build.md)	 - Build a vm image from Dockerfile
+* [d2vm completion](d2vm_completion.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+* [d2vm convert](d2vm_convert.md)	 - Convert Docker image to vm image
+* [d2vm run](d2vm_run.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image
+* [d2vm version](d2vm_version.md)	 - 
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_build.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+## d2vm build
+
+Build a vm image from Dockerfile
+
+```
+d2vm build [context directory] [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+      --append-to-cmdline string   Extra kernel cmdline arguments to append to the generated one
+      --build-arg stringArray      Set build-time variables
+  -f, --file string                Name of the Dockerfile
+      --force                      Override output image
+  -h, --help                       help for build
+      --network-manager string     Network manager to use for the image: none, netplan, ifupdown
+  -o, --output string              The output image, the extension determine the image format, raw will be used if none. Supported formats: qcow2 qed raw vdi vhd vmdk (default "disk0.qcow2")
+  -p, --password string            Root user password (default "root")
+      --raw                        Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more
+  -s, --size string                The output image size (default "10G")
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm](d2vm.md)	 - 
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_completion.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+## d2vm completion
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+
+### Synopsis
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for d2vm for the specified shell.
+See each sub-command's help for details on how to use the generated script.
+
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help   help for completion
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm](d2vm.md)	 - 
+* [d2vm completion bash](d2vm_completion_bash.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for bash
+* [d2vm completion fish](d2vm_completion_fish.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for fish
+* [d2vm completion powershell](d2vm_completion_powershell.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for powershell
+* [d2vm completion zsh](d2vm_completion_zsh.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for zsh
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_completion_bash.md

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+## d2vm completion bash
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for bash
+
+### Synopsis
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for the bash shell.
+
+This script depends on the 'bash-completion' package.
+If it is not installed already, you can install it via your OS's package manager.
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	source <(d2vm completion bash)
+
+To load completions for every new session, execute once:
+
+#### Linux:
+
+	d2vm completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/d2vm
+
+#### macOS:
+
+	d2vm completion bash > /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d/d2vm
+
+You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+
+
+```
+d2vm completion bash
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help              help for bash
+      --no-descriptions   disable completion descriptions
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm completion](d2vm_completion.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_completion_fish.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+## d2vm completion fish
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for fish
+
+### Synopsis
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for the fish shell.
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	d2vm completion fish | source
+
+To load completions for every new session, execute once:
+
+	d2vm completion fish > ~/.config/fish/completions/d2vm.fish
+
+You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+
+
+```
+d2vm completion fish [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help              help for fish
+      --no-descriptions   disable completion descriptions
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm completion](d2vm_completion.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_completion_powershell.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+## d2vm completion powershell
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for powershell
+
+### Synopsis
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for powershell.
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	d2vm completion powershell | Out-String | Invoke-Expression
+
+To load completions for every new session, add the output of the above command
+to your powershell profile.
+
+
+```
+d2vm completion powershell [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help              help for powershell
+      --no-descriptions   disable completion descriptions
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm completion](d2vm_completion.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_completion_zsh.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+## d2vm completion zsh
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for zsh
+
+### Synopsis
+
+Generate the autocompletion script for the zsh shell.
+
+If shell completion is not already enabled in your environment you will need
+to enable it.  You can execute the following once:
+
+	echo "autoload -U compinit; compinit" >> ~/.zshrc
+
+To load completions for every new session, execute once:
+
+#### Linux:
+
+	d2vm completion zsh > "${fpath[1]}/_d2vm"
+
+#### macOS:
+
+	d2vm completion zsh > /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_d2vm
+
+You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+
+
+```
+d2vm completion zsh [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help              help for zsh
+      --no-descriptions   disable completion descriptions
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm completion](d2vm_completion.md)	 - Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_convert.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+## d2vm convert
+
+Convert Docker image to vm image
+
+```
+d2vm convert [docker image] [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+      --append-to-cmdline string   Extra kernel cmdline arguments to append to the generated one
+  -f, --force                      Override output qcow2 image
+  -h, --help                       help for convert
+      --network-manager string     Network manager to use for the image: none, netplan, ifupdown
+  -o, --output string              The output image, the extension determine the image format, raw will be used if none. Supported formats: qcow2 qed raw vdi vhd vmdk (default "disk0.qcow2")
+  -p, --password string            The Root user password (default "root")
+      --pull                       Always pull docker image
+      --raw                        Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more
+  -s, --size string                The output image size (default "10G")
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm](d2vm.md)	 - 
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_run.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+## d2vm run
+
+Run the virtual machine image
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help   help for run
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm](d2vm.md)	 - 
+* [d2vm run hetzner](d2vm_run_hetzner.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image on Hetzner Cloud
+* [d2vm run qemu](d2vm_run_qemu.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image with qemu
+* [d2vm run vbox](d2vm_run_vbox.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image with Virtualbox
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_run_hetzner.md

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+## d2vm run hetzner
+
+Run the virtual machine image on Hetzner Cloud
+
+```
+d2vm run hetzner [options] image-path [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help             help for hetzner
+  -n, --name string      d2vm server name (default "d2vm")
+      --rm               remove server when done
+  -i, --ssh-key string   d2vm image identity key
+      --token string     Hetzner Cloud API token [$HETZNER_TOKEN]
+  -u, --user string      d2vm image ssh user (default "root")
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm run](d2vm_run.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_run_qemu.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+## d2vm run qemu
+
+Run the virtual machine image with qemu
+
+```
+d2vm run qemu [options] [image-path] [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+      --accel string            Choose acceleration mode. Use 'tcg' to disable it. (default "hvf:tcg")
+      --arch string             Type of architecture to use, e.g. x86_64, aarch64, s390x (default "x86_64")
+      --cpus uint               Number of CPUs (default 1)
+      --data string             String of metadata to pass to VM; error to specify both -data and -data-file
+      --detached                Set qemu container to run in the background
+      --device multiple-flag    Add USB host device(s). Format driver[,prop=value][,...] -- add device, like -device on the qemu command line. (default A multiple flag is a type of flag that can be repeated any number of times)
+      --disk disk               Disk config, may be repeated. [file=]path[,size=1G][,format=qcow2] (default [])
+      --gui                     Set qemu to use video output instead of stdio
+  -h, --help                    help for qemu
+      --mem uint                Amount of memory in MB (default 1024)
+      --networking string       Networking mode. Valid options are 'default', 'user', 'bridge[,name]', tap[,name] and 'none'. 'user' uses QEMUs userspace networking. 'bridge' connects to a preexisting bridge. 'tap' uses a prexisting tap device. 'none' disables networking.` (default "user")
+      --publish multiple-flag   Publish a vm's port(s) to the host (default []) (default A multiple flag is a type of flag that can be repeated any number of times)
+      --qemu string             Path to the qemu binary (otherwise look in $PATH)
+      --usb                     Enable USB controller
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm run](d2vm_run.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_run_vbox.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+## d2vm run vbox
+
+Run the virtual machine image with Virtualbox
+
+```
+d2vm run vbox [options] image-path [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+      --cpus uint               Number of CPUs (default 1)
+      --disk disk               Disk config, may be repeated. [file=]path[,size=1G][,format=raw] (default [])
+      --gui                     Show the VM GUI
+  -h, --help                    help for vbox
+      --mem uint                Amount of memory in MB (default 1024)
+      --name string             Name of the Virtualbox VM (default "d2vm")
+      --networking vbnetworks   Network config, may be repeated. [type=](null|nat|bridged|intnet|hostonly|generic|natnetwork[<devicename>])[,[bridge|host]adapter=<interface>] (default [])
+      --vboxmanage string       VBoxManage binary to use (default "VBoxManage")
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm run](d2vm_run.md)	 - Run the virtual machine image
+

docs/content/reference/d2vm_version.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+## d2vm version
+
+
+
+```
+d2vm version [flags]
+```
+
+### Options
+
+```
+  -h, --help   help for version
+```
+
+### Options inherited from parent commands
+
+```
+  -t, --time string   Enable formated timed output, valide formats: 'relative (rel | r)', 'full (f)' (default "none")
+  -v, --verbose       Enable Verbose output
+```
+
+### SEE ALSO
+
+* [d2vm](d2vm.md)	 - 
+

docs/mkdocs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+site_name: ""
+docs_dir: content
+site_dir: build
+edit_uri: edit/docs/docs/content/
+theme:
+  name: linka-cloud
+  logo: assets/d2vm-light-tr.png
+  favicon: assets/d2vm-favicon.png
+  language: en
+repo_url: https://github.com/linka-cloud/d2vm
+copyright: Copyright © 2022 Linka Cloud
+nav:
+- Getting Started: index.md
+- Complete Example: full-example.md
+- Command Line:
+    - d2vm: reference/d2vm.md
+    - build: reference/d2vm_build.md
+    - convert: reference/d2vm_convert.md
+    - run:
+        - hetzner: reference/d2vm_run_hetzner.md
+        - qemu: reference/d2vm_run_qemu.md
+        - virtualbox: reference/d2vm_run_vbox.md
+    - completion:
+        - bash: reference/d2vm_completion_bash.md
+        - fish: reference/d2vm_completion_fish.md
+        - powershell: reference/d2vm_completion_powershell.md
+        - zsh: reference/d2vm_completion_zsh.md
+    - version: reference/d2vm_version.md
+
+extra:
+  homepage: https://github.com/linka-cloud/d2vm
+  social:
+    - icon: fontawesome/brands/github
+      link: https://github.com/linka-cloud
+    - icon: fontawesome/brands/docker
+      link: https://hub.docker.com/r/linkacloud
+
+markdown_extensions:
+  - pymdownx.highlight:
+      use_pygments: true
+  - pymdownx.superfences
+  - pymdownx.tasklist
+

examples/alpine.Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 FROM alpine
 
-RUN apk add --no-cache openssh-server && \
+RUN apk add --no-cache openrc openssh-server && \
+    rc-update add sshd default && \
     echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

examples/full/00-netconf.yaml

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-network:
-    version: 2
-    renderer: networkd
-    ethernets:
-        eth0:
-            dhcp4: true
-            nameservers:
-                addresses:
-                - 8.8.8.8
-                - 8.8.4.4

examples/full/Dockerfile

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 FROM ubuntu
 
-# Install netplan sudo ssh-server and dns utils
-RUN apt update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y \
-      ameu-guest-agent \
-      netplan.io \
+# Install some system packages
+RUN apt update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
+      qemu-guest-agent \
+      ca-certificates \
       dnsutils \
       sudo \
       openssh-server
 
-# Setup default network config
-COPY 00-netconf.yaml /etc/netplan/
 # Add a utility script to resize serial terminal
 COPY resize /usr/local/bin/
 
@@ -19,13 +17,17 @@ ARG PASSWORD=d2vm
 ARG SSH_KEY=https://github.com/${USER}.keys
 
 # Setup user environment
-RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y \
+RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
+      bash-completion \
       curl \
       zsh \
       git \
       vim \
       tmux \
-      htop
+      htop \
+      lsb-core \
+      cloud-init \
+      cloud-guest-utils
 
 # Create user with sudo privileged and passwordless sudo
 RUN useradd ${USER} -m -s /bin/zsh -G sudo && \
@@ -44,4 +46,5 @@ USER ${USER}
 RUN bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Adphi/f3ce3cc4b2551c437eb667f3a5873a16/raw/be05553da87f6e9d8b0d290af5aa036d07de2e25/env.setup)"
 # Setup tmux environment
 RUN bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Adphi/765e9382dd5e547633be567e2eb72476/raw/a3fe4b3f35e598dca90e2dd45d30dc1753447a48/tmux-setup)"
-
+# Setup auto login serial console
+RUN sudo sed -i "s|ExecStart=.*|ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin ${USER} --keep-baud 115200,38400,9600 \%I \$TERM|" /usr/lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@.service

examples/full/README.md

@@ -1,21 +1,19 @@
-# d2vm full example
+# ZSH Workstation example
 
-This example demonstrate the setup of a ZSH workstation.
+This example demonstrate the setup of a ZSH workstation with *cloud-init* support.
 
 *Dockerfile*
 ```dockerfile
 FROM ubuntu
 
-# Install netplan sudo ssh-server and dns utils
-RUN apt update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y \
-      ameu-guest-agent \
-      netplan.io \
+# Install some system packages
+RUN apt update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
+      qemu-guest-agent \
+      ca-certificates \
       dnsutils \
       sudo \
       openssh-server
 
-# Setup default network config
-COPY 00-netconf.yaml /etc/netplan/
 # Add a utility script to resize serial terminal
 COPY resize /usr/local/bin/
 
@@ -25,13 +23,17 @@ ARG PASSWORD=d2vm
 ARG SSH_KEY=https://github.com/${USER}.keys
 
 # Setup user environment
-RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y \
+RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
+      bash-completion \
       curl \
       zsh \
       git \
       vim \
       tmux \
-      htop
+      htop \
+      lsb-core \
+      cloud-init \
+      cloud-guest-utils
 
 # Create user with sudo privileged and passwordless sudo
 RUN useradd ${USER} -m -s /bin/zsh -G sudo && \
@@ -50,23 +52,13 @@ USER ${USER}
 RUN bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Adphi/f3ce3cc4b2551c437eb667f3a5873a16/raw/be05553da87f6e9d8b0d290af5aa036d07de2e25/env.setup)"
 # Setup tmux environment
 RUN bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Adphi/765e9382dd5e547633be567e2eb72476/raw/a3fe4b3f35e598dca90e2dd45d30dc1753447a48/tmux-setup)"
-```
-
-*00-netconf.yaml*
-```yaml
-network:
-    version: 2
-    renderer: networkd
-    ethernets:
-        eth0:
-            dhcp4: true
-            nameservers:
-                addresses:
-                - 8.8.8.8
-                - 8.8.4.4
+# Setup auto login serial console
+RUN sudo sed -i "s|ExecStart=.*|ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin ${USER} --keep-baud 115200,38400,9600 \%I \$TERM|" /usr/lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@.service
 
 ```
 
+There is no need to configure the network as **d2vm** will generate a *netplan* configuration that use DHCP.
+
 **Build**
 
 ```bash
@@ -74,22 +66,29 @@ USER=mygithubuser
 PASSWORD=mysecurepasswordthatIwillneverusebecauseIuseMostlySSHkeys
 OUTPUT=workstation.qcow2
 
-d2vm build -o $OUTPUT --force --build-arg USER=$USER --build-arg PASSWORD=$PASSWORD --build-arg SSH_KEY=https://github.com/$USER.keys .
+d2vm build -o $OUTPUT --build-arg USER=$USER --build-arg PASSWORD=$PASSWORD --build-arg SSH_KEY=https://github.com/$USER.keys --force -v .
 ```
 
-Run it using *libvirt's virt-install*:
+Run it:
 
 ```bash
-virt-install --name workstation --disk $OUTPUT --import --memory 4096 --vcpus 4 --nographics --cpu host --channel unix,target.type=virtio,target.name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'
+d2vm run qemu --mem 4096 --cpus 4 $IMAGE
 ```
+... you should be automatically logged in with a **oh-my-zsh** shell
 
-From an other terminal you should be able to find the VM ip address using:
+You should be able to find the ip address inside the VM using:
 ```bash
-virsh domifaddr --domain workstation
+hostname -I
+# or
+ip a show eth0 | grep inet | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d/ -f1
 ```
 
 And connect using ssh...
 
+In order to quit the terminal you need to shut down the VM with the `poweroff` command:
 
+```bash
+sudo poweroff
+```
 
 *I hope you will find it useful and that you will have fun...*

examples/ubuntu.Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 FROM ubuntu
 
 RUN apt update && apt install -y openssh-server && \
-    echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config \
+    echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

go.mod

@@ -4,16 +4,67 @@ go 1.17
 
 require (
 	github.com/c2h5oh/datasize v0.0.0-20200825124411-48ed595a09d2
+	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.0
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0
+	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.8.0
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0
+	github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go v1.35.2
 	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.4.0
+	github.com/pkg/sftp v1.10.1
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.8.1
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.4.0
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0
+	github.com/svenwiltink/sparsecat v1.0.0
+	go.linka.cloud/console v0.0.0-20220910100646-48f9f2b8843b
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.8.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210817164053-32db794688a5
 )
 
 require (
+	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20210617225240-d185dfc1b5a1 // indirect
+	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.5.1 // indirect
+	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.5.8 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.10.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/cli v20.10.12+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker v20.10.12+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.6.4 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.1-0.20190612165340-fd1b1942c4d5 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-units v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.6 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.13.6 // indirect
+	github.com/kr/fs v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.12 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 // indirect
+	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.2-0.20181231171920-c182affec369 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/term v0.0.0-20220808134915-39b0c02b01ae // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.0.2-0.20211117181255-693428a734f5 // indirect
+	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.26.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.2 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.7.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191026070338-33540a1f6037 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20211216030914-fe4d6282115f // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20210220032951-036812b2e83c // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211216021012-1d35b9e2eb4e // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.3.7 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20211208223120-3a66f561d7aa // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.43.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b // indirect
 )

os_release.go

@@ -46,8 +46,10 @@ func (r Release) Supported() bool {
 		return true
 	case ReleaseAlpine:
 		return true
-	case ReleaseCentOS, ReleaseRHEL:
+	case ReleaseCentOS:
 		return true
+	case ReleaseRHEL:
+		return false
 	default:
 		return false
 	}
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func FetchDockerImageOSRelease(ctx context.Context, img string, tmpPath string) (OSRelease, error) {
-	d := filepath.Join(tmpPath, "osrelase.Dockerfile")
+	d := filepath.Join(tmpPath, "osrelease.Dockerfile")
 	f, err := os.Create(d)
 	if err != nil {
 		return OSRelease{}, err

pkg/docker/docker.go

@@ -15,13 +15,27 @@
 package docker
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"context"
 	_ "embed"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
 	"go.linka.cloud/d2vm/pkg/exec"
 )
 
+func dockerSocket() string {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		return "//var/run/docker.sock"
+	}
+	return "/var/run/docker.sock"
+}
+
 func FormatImgName(name string) string {
 	s := strings.Replace(name, ":", "-", -1)
 	s = strings.Replace(s, "/", "_", -1)
@@ -35,3 +49,96 @@ func Cmd(ctx context.Context, args ...string) error {
 func CmdOut(ctx context.Context, args ...string) (string, string, error) {
 	return exec.RunOut(ctx, "docker", args...)
 }
+
+func Build(ctx context.Context, tag, dockerfile, dir string, buildArgs ...string) error {
+	if dockerfile == "" {
+		dockerfile = filepath.Join(dir, "Dockerfile")
+	}
+	args := []string{"image", "build", "-t", tag, "-f", dockerfile}
+	for _, v := range buildArgs {
+		args = append(args, "--build-arg", v)
+	}
+	args = append(args, dir)
+	return Cmd(ctx, args...)
+}
+
+func Tag(ctx context.Context, img string, tags ...string) error {
+	if len(tags) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no tags specified")
+	}
+	args := []string{"image", "tag"}
+	for _, tag := range tags {
+		if err := Cmd(ctx, append(args, img, tag)...); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func Remove(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {
+	return Cmd(ctx, "image", "rm", tag)
+}
+
+func ImageList(ctx context.Context, tag string) ([]string, error) {
+	o, _, err := CmdOut(ctx, "image", "ls", "--format={{ .Repository }}:{{ .Tag }}", tag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	s := bufio.NewScanner(strings.NewReader(o))
+	var imgs []string
+	for s.Scan() {
+		imgs = append(imgs, s.Text())
+	}
+	return imgs, s.Err()
+}
+
+func Pull(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {
+	return Cmd(ctx, "image", "pull", tag)
+}
+
+func RunInteractiveAndRemove(ctx context.Context, args ...string) error {
+	logrus.Tracef("running 'docker run --rm -i -t %s'", strings.Join(args, " "))
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "docker", append([]string{"run", "--rm", "-it"}, args...)...)
+	cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	return cmd.Run()
+}
+
+func RunAndRemove(ctx context.Context, args ...string) error {
+	logrus.Tracef("running 'docker run --rm %s'", strings.Join(args, " "))
+	return Cmd(ctx, append([]string{"run", "--rm"}, args...)...)
+}
+
+func RunD2VM(ctx context.Context, image, version, in, out, cmd string, args ...string) error {
+	pwd, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if in == "" {
+		in = pwd
+	}
+	if out == "" {
+		out = pwd
+	}
+	if image == "" {
+		image = "linkacloud/d2vm"
+	}
+	if version == "" {
+		version = "latest"
+	}
+	a := []string{
+		"--privileged",
+		"-v",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s:/var/run/docker.sock", dockerSocket()),
+		"-v",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s:/in", in),
+		"-v",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s:/out", out),
+		"-w",
+		"/d2vm",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", image, version),
+		cmd,
+	}
+	return RunInteractiveAndRemove(ctx, append(a, args...)...)
+}

pkg/exec/exec.go

@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -29,10 +30,20 @@ var (
 	CommandContext = exec.CommandContext
 )
 
-func RunStdout(ctx context.Context, c string, args ...string) error {
+func SetDebug(debug bool) {
+	if debug {
+		Run = RunDebug
+		logrus.SetLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
+	} else {
+		Run = RunNoOut
+	}
+}
+
+func RunDebug(ctx context.Context, c string, args ...string) error {
+	logrus.Debugf("$ %s %s", c, strings.Join(args, " "))
 	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, c, args...)
-	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
-	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	cmd.Stdout = logrus.StandardLogger().WriterLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
+	cmd.Stderr = logrus.StandardLogger().WriterLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
 	return cmd.Run()
 }
 

scripts/demo

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+dir="$PWD"
+scripts_dir="scripts"
+if [ "$(basename $PWD)" == "$scripts_dir" ]; then
+  cd ..
+fi
+
+. ./$scripts_dir/demo-magic
+
+TYPE_SPEED=20
+EXEC_WAIT=1
+DEMO_PROMPT="${CYAN}➜ ${CYAN}\W "
+clear
+
+IMAGE="./images/workstation.qcow2"
+
+
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=1
+print_prompt
+wait
+pei "# Let's create a virtual machine from a Dockerfile"
+wait
+
+DOCKERFILE="examples/full/Dockerfile"
+
+pei "cat $DOCKERFILE"
+
+cp scripts/demo-magic examples/full
+cp scripts/inside examples/full
+cat <<EOF >> $DOCKERFILE
+COPY demo-magic /home/adphi/demo-magic
+COPY inside /home/adphi/inside
+RUN sudo chmod +x /home/adphi/inside && echo /home/adphi/inside >> /home/adphi/.zshrc && sudo apt install -y pv
+EOF
+
+
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=5
+wait
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=0
+
+EXEC_WAIT=2
+pei "export PASSWORD=\"Don'tThinkTh4tIReallyUseThisPassword:)\""
+pei "sudo d2vm build -s 10G -o $IMAGE --force --build-arg USER=adphi --build-arg PASSWORD=\$PASSWORD -p \$PASSWORD -v --time=relative examples/full"
+
+rm examples/full/{demo-magic,inside}
+git checkout examples/ &> /dev/null
+
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=1
+wait
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=2
+EXEC_WAIT=1
+pei "# Now let's run this image"
+wait
+
+EXEC_WAIT=2
+pei "sudo d2vm run qemu --cpus 4 --mem 4096 --networking default $IMAGE"
+
+# demo continues inside the vm is soon as the boot completes
+
+wait
+
+EXEC_WAIT=1
+
+pei "# Let's try to run it on a cloud provider: Hetzner..."
+
+EXEC_WAIT=2
+pei "sudo -E d2vm run hetzner --rm -v --time=relative -u adphi -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa $IMAGE"
+
+# demo continues inside the vm is soon as the boot completes
+
+pei "# Pretty cool rigth ? :)"
+wait
+
+cd $dir

scripts/demo-magic

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+###############################################################################
+#
+# demo-magic.sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Paxton Hare
+#
+# This script lets you script demos in bash. It runs through your demo script when you press
+# ENTER. It simulates typing and runs commands.
+#
+###############################################################################
+
+# the speed to "type" the text
+TYPE_SPEED=20
+
+# no wait after "p" or "pe"
+NO_WAIT=false
+
+# if > 0, will pause for this amount of seconds before automatically proceeding with any p or pe
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=0
+
+# don't show command number unless user specifies it
+SHOW_CMD_NUMS=false
+
+EXEC_WAIT=1
+
+
+# handy color vars for pretty prompts
+BLACK="\033[0;30m"
+BLUE="\033[0;34m"
+GREEN="\033[0;32m"
+GREY="\033[0;90m"
+CYAN="\033[0;36m"
+RED="\033[0;31m"
+PURPLE="\033[0;35m"
+BROWN="\033[0;33m"
+WHITE="\033[1;37m"
+COLOR_RESET="\033[0m"
+
+C_NUM=0
+
+# prompt and command color which can be overriden
+DEMO_PROMPT="$ "
+DEMO_CMD_COLOR=$WHITE
+DEMO_COMMENT_COLOR=$GREY
+
+##
+# prints the script usage
+##
+function usage() {
+  echo -e ""
+  echo -e "Usage: $0 [options]"
+  echo -e ""
+  echo -e "\tWhere options is one or more of:"
+  echo -e "\t-h\tPrints Help text"
+  echo -e "\t-d\tDebug mode. Disables simulated typing"
+  echo -e "\t-n\tNo wait"
+  echo -e "\t-w\tWaits max the given amount of seconds before proceeding with demo (e.g. '-w5')"
+  echo -e ""
+}
+
+##
+# wait for user to press ENTER
+# if $PROMPT_TIMEOUT > 0 this will be used as the max time for proceeding automatically
+##
+function wait() {
+  if [[ "$PROMPT_TIMEOUT" == "0" ]]; then
+    read -rs
+  else
+    read -rst "$PROMPT_TIMEOUT"
+  fi
+}
+
+print_prompt() {
+  # render the prompt
+  x=$(PS1="$DEMO_PROMPT" "$BASH" --norc -i </dev/null 2>&1 | sed -n '${s/^\(.*\)exit$/\1/p;}')
+
+  # show command number is selected
+  if $SHOW_CMD_NUMS; then
+   printf "[$((++C_NUM))] $x"
+  else
+   printf "$x"
+  fi
+}
+
+##
+# print command only. Useful for when you want to pretend to run a command
+#
+# takes 1 param - the string command to print
+#
+# usage: p "ls -l"
+#
+##
+function p() {
+  if [[ ${1:0:1} == "#" ]]; then
+    cmd=$DEMO_COMMENT_COLOR$1$COLOR_RESET
+  else
+    cmd=$DEMO_CMD_COLOR$1$COLOR_RESET
+  fi
+  # wait for the user to press a key before typing the command
+  if [ $NO_WAIT = false ]; then
+    wait
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -z $TYPE_SPEED ]]; then
+    echo -en "$cmd"
+  else
+    echo -en "$cmd" | pv -qL $[$TYPE_SPEED+(-2 + RANDOM%5)];
+  fi
+
+  # wait for the user to press a key before moving on
+  if [ $NO_WAIT = false ]; then
+    wait
+  fi
+  sleep $EXEC_WAIT
+  echo ""
+}
+
+##
+# Prints and executes a command
+#
+# takes 1 parameter - the string command to run
+#
+# usage: pe "ls -l"
+#
+##
+function pe() {
+  # print the command
+  p "$@"
+  run_cmd "$@"
+}
+
+##
+# print and executes a command immediately
+#
+# takes 1 parameter - the string command to run
+#
+# usage: pei "ls -l"
+#
+##
+function pei {
+  NO_WAIT=true pe "$@"
+}
+
+##
+# Enters script into interactive mode
+#
+# and allows newly typed commands to be executed within the script
+#
+# usage : cmd
+#
+##
+function cmd() {
+  # render the prompt
+  x=$(PS1="$DEMO_PROMPT" "$BASH" --norc -i </dev/null 2>&1 | sed -n '${s/^\(.*\)exit$/\1/p;}')
+  printf "$x\033[0m"
+  read command
+  run_cmd "${command}"
+}
+
+function run_cmd() {
+  function handle_cancel() {
+    printf ""
+  }
+
+  trap handle_cancel SIGINT
+  stty -echoctl
+  eval "$@"
+  stty echoctl
+  trap - SIGINT
+
+  print_prompt
+}
+
+
+function check_pv() {
+  command -v pv >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+
+    echo ""
+    echo -e "${RED}##############################################################"
+    echo "# HOLD IT!! I require pv but it's not installed.  Aborting." >&2;
+    echo -e "${RED}##############################################################"
+    echo ""
+    echo -e "${COLOR_RESET}Installing pv:"
+    echo ""
+    echo -e "${BLUE}Mac:${COLOR_RESET} $ brew install pv"
+    echo ""
+    echo -e "${BLUE}Other:${COLOR_RESET} http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml"
+    echo -e "${COLOR_RESET}"
+    exit 1;
+  }
+}
+
+check_pv
+#
+# handle some default params
+# -h for help
+# -d for disabling simulated typing
+#
+while getopts ":dhncw:" opt; do
+  case $opt in
+    h)
+      usage
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+    d)
+      unset TYPE_SPEED
+      ;;
+    n)
+      NO_WAIT=true
+      ;;
+    c)
+      SHOW_CMD_NUMS=true
+      ;;
+    w)
+      PROMPT_TIMEOUT=$OPTARG
+      ;;
+  esac
+done

scripts/inside

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+. $HOME/demo-magic
+
+TYPE_SPEED=20
+EXEC_WAIT=1
+DEMO_PROMPT="${PURPLE}➜ ${PURPLE}\W "
+
+defer_kill_htop() {
+  sleep 8
+  pkill htop
+}
+
+resize
+
+print_prompt
+
+sleep 2
+
+pei "# Nice auto login ;)"
+
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=1
+wait
+
+if ! $(ps aux|grep -e "sshd: adphi" | grep -v grep &> /dev/null); then
+  pei "# Is the network configured ?"
+  pei "ip a"
+  
+  pei "# But is it trully working ?"
+  pei "ping -c 5 linka.cloud"
+fi
+
+pei "# Now let's take a look at CPU and Memory usage..."
+wait
+
+defer_kill_htop &
+pei "htop"
+
+pei "# Let's see disk usage..."
+
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=3
+pei "df -hT"
+wait
+
+pei "# Pretty small right ? ;)"
+
+PROMPT_TIMEOUT=1
+wait
+
+pei "sudo poweroff"
+

templates/alpine.Dockerfile

@@ -9,15 +9,16 @@ RUN apk update --no-cache && \
       busybox-initscripts \
       openrc
 
-#RUN apk update --no-cache && \
-#    apk add \
-#      linux-virt \
-#      alpine-base \
-#      openssh-server
-
 RUN for s in bootmisc hostname hwclock modules networking swap sysctl urandom syslog; do rc-update add $s boot; done
 RUN for s in devfs dmesg hwdrivers mdev; do rc-update add $s sysinit; done
 
-
 RUN echo "root:{{- if .Password}}{{ .Password}}{{- else}}root{{- end}}" | chpasswd
 
+{{ if eq .NetworkManager "ifupdown"}}
+RUN apk add --no-cache ifupdown-ng
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/network && printf '\
+auto eth0\n\
+allow-hotplug eth0\n\
+iface eth0 inet dhcp\n\
+' > /etc/network/interfaces
+{{ end }}

templates/centos.Dockerfile

@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ RUN sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* && \
 
 RUN yum update -y
 
-RUN yum install -y kernel systemd sudo
+RUN yum install -y kernel systemd NetworkManager e2fsprogs sudo && \
+    systemctl enable NetworkManager && \
+    systemctl unmask systemd-remount-fs.service && \
+    systemctl unmask getty.target
 
 RUN dracut --no-hostonly --regenerate-all --force && \
     cd /boot && \

templates/debian.Dockerfile

@@ -11,9 +11,33 @@ RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
       systemd \
       dbus \
       iproute2 \
-      udhcpc \
+      isc-dhcp-client \
       iputils-ping
 
 RUN systemctl preset-all
 
 RUN echo "root:{{- if .Password}}{{ .Password}}{{- else}}root{{- end}}" | chpasswd
+
+{{ if eq .NetworkManager "netplan" }}
+RUN apt install -y netplan.io
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/netplan && printf '\
+network:\n\
+  version: 2\n\
+  renderer: networkd\n\
+  ethernets:\n\
+    eth0:\n\
+      dhcp4: true\n\
+      dhcp-identifier: mac\n\
+      nameservers:\n\
+        addresses:\n\
+        - 8.8.8.8\n\
+        - 8.8.4.4\n\
+' > /etc/netplan/00-netcfg.yaml
+{{ else if eq .NetworkManager "ifupdown"}}
+RUN if [ -z "$(apt-cache madison ifupdown2 2> /dev/nul)" ]; then apt install -y ifupdown; else apt install -y ifupdown2; fi
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/network && printf '\
+auto eth0\n\
+allow-hotplug eth0\n\
+iface eth0 inet dhcp\n\
+' > /etc/network/interfaces
+{{ end }}

templates/ubuntu.Dockerfile

@@ -3,18 +3,40 @@ FROM {{ .Image }}
 USER root
 
 RUN apt-get update -y && \
-  apt-get -y install \
-  linux-image-virtual
-
-
-RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-      systemd-sysv \
-      systemd \
-      dbus \
-      udhcpc \
-      iproute2 \
-      iputils-ping
+  DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends \
+  linux-image-virtual \
+  initramfs-tools \
+  systemd-sysv \
+  systemd \
+  dbus \
+  isc-dhcp-client \
+  iproute2 \
+  iputils-ping
 
 RUN systemctl preset-all
 
 RUN echo "root:{{- if .Password}}{{ .Password}}{{- else}}root{{- end}}" | chpasswd
+
+{{ if eq .NetworkManager "netplan" }}
+RUN apt install -y netplan.io
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/netplan && printf '\
+network:\n\
+  version: 2\n\
+  renderer: networkd\n\
+  ethernets:\n\
+    eth0:\n\
+      dhcp4: true\n\
+      dhcp-identifier: mac\n\
+      nameservers:\n\
+        addresses:\n\
+        - 8.8.8.8\n\
+        - 8.8.4.4\n\
+' > /etc/netplan/00-netcfg.yaml
+{{ else if eq .NetworkManager "ifupdown"}}
+RUN if [ -z "$(apt-cache madison ifupdown-ng 2> /dev/nul)" ]; then apt install -y ifupdown; else apt install -y ifupdown-ng; fi
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/network && printf '\
+auto eth0\n\
+allow-hotplug eth0\n\
+iface eth0 inet dhcp\n\
+' > /etc/network/interfaces
+{{ end }}

version.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright 2022 Linka Cloud  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package d2vm
+
+var (
+	Version   = ""
+	BuildDate = ""
+	Image     = ""
+)

virtinst

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 
 IMG=${1:-disk0.qcow2}
 
-virt-install --disk $IMG --import --memory 4096 --vcpus 4 --nographics --cpu host --channel unix,target.type=virtio,target.name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'
+virt-install --disk $IMG --import --memory 4096 --vcpus 4 --nographics --cpu host --channel unix,target.type=virtio,target.name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0' --transient